Maximum sensitivity degradation for dual connectivity

ABSTRACT

There is provided a UE in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed by the at least one processor, perform operations comprising: transmitting an uplink signal via one NR operating band among NR operating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and one E-UTRA operating band among E-UTRA operating band 1, 3, or 7; and receiving a downlink signal based on two NR operating bands among the NR operating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and the one E-UTRA operating band.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to mobile communication.

BACKGROUND

3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) is atechnology for enabling high-speed packet communications. Many schemeshave been proposed for the LTE objective including those that aim toreduce user and provider costs, improve service quality, and expand andimprove coverage and system capacity. The 3GPP LTE requires reduced costper bit, increased service availability, flexible use of a frequencyband, a simple structure, an open interface, and adequate powerconsumption of a terminal as an upper-level requirement.

Work has started in international telecommunication union (ITU) and 3GPPto develop requirements and specifications for new radio (NR) systems.3GPP has to identify and develop the technology components needed forsuccessfully standardizing the new RAT timely satisfying both the urgentmarket needs, and the more long-term requirements set forth by the ITUradio communication sector (ITU-R) international mobiletelecommunications (IMT)-2020 process. Further, the NR should be able touse any spectrum band ranging at least up to 100 GHz that may be madeavailable for wireless communications even in a more distant future.

The NR targets a single technical framework addressing all usagescenarios, requirements and deployment scenarios including enhancedmobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type-communications (mMTC),ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc. The NR shallbe inherently forward compatible.

Conventionally, the impact of harmonics and/or IMD on some E-UTRA NRDual Connectivity (EN-DC) band combinations has not been analyzed andthe Maximum Sensitivity Degradation (MSD) values have not beendiscussed.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, a disclosure of the present specification has been made inan effort to solve the aforementioned problem.

Accordingly, a disclosure of the present specification has been made inan effort to solve the aforementioned problem.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a disclosureof the present specification provides a UE in a wireless communicationsystem, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least oneprocessor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to theat least one processor and storing instructions that, based on beingexecuted by the at least one processor, perform operations comprising:transmitting an uplink signal via one NR operating band among NRoperating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and one E-UTRA operatingband among E-UTRA operating band 1, 3, or 7; and receiving a downlinksignal based on two NR operating bands among the NR operating band n1,n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and the one E-UTRA operating band.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a disclosureof the present specification provides a UE in a wireless communicationsystem, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least oneprocessor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to theat least one processor and storing instructions that, based on beingexecuted by the at least one processor, perform operations comprising:transmitting an uplink signal via NR operating band n78 and E-UTRAoperating band 3; and receiving a downlink signal based via the NRoperating band n78 and the E-UTRA operating band 3.

According to a disclosure of the present disclosure, the above problemof the related art is solved.

For example, the impact of harmonics and/or IMD on some EN-DC bandcombinations are analyzed and the MSD are determined.

Advantageous effects which can be obtained through specific embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited to the advantageous effectslisted above. For example, there may be a variety of technical effectsthat a person having ordinary skill in the related art can understandand/or derive from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the specificeffects of the present disclosure are not limited to those explicitlydescribed herein, but may include various effects that may be understoodor derived from the technical features of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 2 shows an example of wireless devices to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless device to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating exemplary architecture for anext-generation mobile communication service.

FIG. 5 shows a frame structure in a 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 6 a illustrates a concept view of an example of intra-bandcontiguous CA. FIG. 6 b illustrates a concept view of an example ofintra-band non-contiguous CA.

FIG. 7 a illustrates a concept view of an example of a combination of alower frequency band and a higher frequency band for inter-band CA. FIG.7 b illustrates a concept view of an example of a combination of similarfrequency bands for inter-band CA.

FIG. 8 illustrates a first example of situation in which an uplinksignal transmitted via an uplink operating band affects reception of adownlink signal on via downlink operating band.

FIG. 9 illustrates a second example of situation in which an uplinksignal transmitted via an uplink operating band affects reception of adownlink signal on via downlink operating band.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 1, n8, n40 and uplink bands 1, n40.

FIG. 11 a illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1,n28.

FIG. 11 b illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1,n40.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 3, n8, n78 and uplink bands 3, n8.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 7, n1, n40 and uplink bands 7, n40.

FIG. 14 a illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7,n8.

FIG. 14 b illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7,n78.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 2, n7, n78 and uplink bands 2, n7.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 3, n78 and uplink bands 3, n78.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing an example of a procedure of a UEaccording to the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The following techniques, apparatuses, and systems may be applied to avariety of wireless multiple access systems. Examples of the multipleaccess systems include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, afrequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time divisionmultiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multipleaccess (OFDMA) system, a single carrier frequency division multipleaccess (SC-FDMA) system, and a multicarrier frequency division multipleaccess (MC-FDMA) system. CDMA may be embodied through radio technologysuch as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA maybe embodied through radio technology such as global system for mobilecommunications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), or enhanceddata rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be embodied through radiotechnology such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers(IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or evolved UTRA(E-UTRA). UTRA is a part of a universal mobile telecommunications system(UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution(LTE) is a part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE employsOFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. Evolution of 3GPP LTE includes LTE-A(advanced), LTE-A Pro, and/or 5G NR (new radio).

For convenience of description, implementations of the presentdisclosure are mainly described in regards to a 3GPP based wirelesscommunication system. However, the technical features of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the followingdetailed description is given based on a mobile communication systemcorresponding to a 3GPP based wireless communication system, aspects ofthe present disclosure that are not limited to 3GPP based wirelesscommunication system are applicable to other mobile communicationsystems.

For terms and technologies which are not specifically described amongthe terms of and technologies employed in the present disclosure, thewireless communication standard documents published before the presentdisclosure may be referenced.

In the present disclosure, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or“both A and B”. In other words, “A or B” in the present disclosure maybe interpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, “A, B or C” in the presentdisclosure may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination ofA, B and C”.

In the present disclosure, slash (/) or comma (,) may mean “and/or”. Forexample, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “onlyA”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, Bor C”.

In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”,“only B” or “both A and B”. In addition, the expression “at least one ofA or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” in the present disclosure may beinterpreted as same as “at least one of A and B”.

In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” maymean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B and C”.In addition, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/orC” may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.

Also, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean “for example”.In detail, when it is shown as “control information (PDCCH)”, “PDCCH”may be proposed as an example of “control information”. In other words,“control information” in the present disclosure is not limited to“PDCCH”, and “PDDCH” may be proposed as an example of “controlinformation”. In addition, even when shown as “control information(i.e., PDCCH)”, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “controlinformation”.

Technical features that are separately described in one drawing in thepresent disclosure may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

Although not limited thereto, various descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts of thepresent disclosure disclosed herein can be applied to various fieldsrequiring wireless communication and/or connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in more detailwith reference to drawings. The same reference numerals in the followingdrawings and/or descriptions may refer to the same and/or correspondinghardware blocks, software blocks, and/or functional blocks unlessotherwise indicated.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to whichimplementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The 5G usage scenarios shown in FIG. 1 are only exemplary, and thetechnical features of the present disclosure can be applied to other 5Gusage scenarios which are not shown in FIG. 1 .

Three main requirement categories for 5G include (1) a category ofenhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), (2) a category of massive machine typecommunication (mMTC), and (3) a category of ultra-reliable and lowlatency communications (URLLC).

Partial use cases may require a plurality of categories for optimizationand other use cases may focus only upon one key performance indicator(KPI). 5G supports such various use cases using a flexible and reliablemethod.

eMBB far surpasses basic mobile Internet access and covers abundantbidirectional work and media and entertainment applications in cloud andaugmented reality. Data is one of 5G core motive forces and, in a 5Gera, a dedicated voice service may not be provided for the first time.In 5G, it is expected that voice will be simply processed as anapplication program using data connection provided by a communicationsystem. Main causes for increased traffic volume are due to an increasein the size of content and an increase in the number of applicationsrequiring high data transmission rate. A streaming service (of audio andvideo), conversational video, and mobile Internet access will be morewidely used as more devices are connected to the Internet. These manyapplication programs require connectivity of an always turned-on statein order to push real-time information and alarm for users. Cloudstorage and applications are rapidly increasing in a mobilecommunication platform and may be applied to both work andentertainment. The cloud storage is a special use case which acceleratesgrowth of uplink data transmission rate. 5G is also used for remote workof cloud. When a tactile interface is used, 5G demands much lowerend-to-end latency to maintain user good experience. Entertainment, forexample, cloud gaming and video streaming, is another core element whichincreases demand for mobile broadband capability. Entertainment isessential for a smartphone and a tablet in any place including highmobility environments such as a train, a vehicle, and an airplane. Otheruse cases are augmented reality for entertainment and informationsearch. In this case, the augmented reality requires very low latencyand instantaneous data volume.

In addition, one of the most expected 5G use cases relates a functioncapable of smoothly connecting embedded sensors in all fields, i.e.,mMTC. It is expected that the number of potential Internet-of-things(IoT) devices will reach 204 hundred million up to the year of 2020. Anindustrial IoT is one of categories of performing a main role enabling asmart city, asset tracking, smart utility, agriculture, and securityinfrastructure through 5G.

URLLC includes a new service that will change industry through remotecontrol of main infrastructure and an ultra-reliable/availablelow-latency link such as a self-driving vehicle. A level of reliabilityand latency is essential to control a smart grid, automatize industry,achieve robotics, and control and adjust a drone.

5G is a means of providing streaming evaluated as a few hundred megabitsper second to gigabits per second and may complement fiber-to-the-home(FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS). Such fast speed is neededto deliver TV in resolution of 4K or more (6K, 8K, and more), as well asvirtual reality and augmented reality. Virtual reality (VR) andaugmented reality (AR) applications include almost immersive sportsgames. A specific application program may require a special networkconfiguration. For example, for VR games, gaming companies need toincorporate a core server into an edge network server of a networkoperator in order to minimize latency.

Automotive is expected to be a new important motivated force in 5Gtogether with many use cases for mobile communication for vehicles. Forexample, entertainment for passengers requires high simultaneouscapacity and mobile broadband with high mobility. This is because futureusers continue to expect connection of high quality regardless of theirlocations and speeds. Another use case of an automotive field is an ARdashboard. The AR dashboard causes a driver to identify an object in thedark in addition to an object seen from a front window and displays adistance from the object and a movement of the object by overlappinginformation talking to the driver. In the future, a wireless moduleenables communication between vehicles, information exchange between avehicle and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange betweena vehicle and other connected devices (e.g., devices accompanied by apedestrian). A safety system guides alternative courses of a behavior sothat a driver may drive more safely drive, thereby lowering the dangerof an accident. The next stage will be a remotely controlled orself-driven vehicle. This requires very high reliability and very fastcommunication between different self-driven vehicles and between avehicle and infrastructure. In the future, a self-driven vehicle willperform all driving activities and a driver will focus only uponabnormal traffic that the vehicle cannot identify. Technicalrequirements of a self-driven vehicle demand ultra-low latency andultra-high reliability so that traffic safety is increased to a levelthat cannot be achieved by human being.

A smart city and a smart home/building mentioned as a smart society willbe embedded in a high-density wireless sensor network. A distributednetwork of an intelligent sensor will identify conditions for costs andenergy-efficient maintenance of a city or a home. Similar configurationsmay be performed for respective households. All of temperature sensors,window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances arewirelessly connected. Many of these sensors are typically low in datatransmission rate, power, and cost. However, real-time HD video may bedemanded by a specific type of device to perform monitoring.

Consumption and distribution of energy including heat or gas isdistributed at a higher level so that automated control of thedistribution sensor network is demanded. The smart grid collectsinformation and connects the sensors to each other using digitalinformation and communication technology so as to act according to thecollected information. Since this information may include behaviors of asupply company and a consumer, the smart grid may improve distributionof fuels such as electricity by a method having efficiency, reliability,economic feasibility, production sustainability, and automation. Thesmart grid may also be regarded as another sensor network having lowlatency.

Mission critical application (e.g., e-health) is one of 5G usescenarios. A health part contains many application programs capable ofenjoying benefit of mobile communication. A communication system maysupport remote treatment that provides clinical treatment in a farawayplace. Remote treatment may aid in reducing a barrier against distanceand improve access to medical services that cannot be continuouslyavailable in a faraway rural area. Remote treatment is also used toperform important treatment and save lives in an emergency situation.The wireless sensor network based on mobile communication may provideremote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate andblood pressure.

Wireless and mobile communication gradually becomes important in thefield of an industrial application. Wiring is high in installation andmaintenance cost. Therefore, a possibility of replacing a cable withreconstructible wireless links is an attractive opportunity in manyindustrial fields. However, in order to achieve this replacement, it isnecessary for wireless connection to be established with latency,reliability, and capacity similar to those of the cable and managementof wireless connection needs to be simplified. Low latency and a verylow error probability are new requirements when connection to 5G isneeded.

Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobilecommunication that enables inventory and package tracking anywhere usinga location-based information system. The use cases of logistics andfreight typically demand low data rate but require location informationwith a wide range and reliability.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the communication system 1 includes wirelessdevices 100 a to 100 f, base stations (BSs) 200, and a network 300.Although FIG. 1 illustrates a 5G network as an example of the network ofthe communication system 1, the implementations of the presentdisclosure are not limited to the 5G system, and can be applied to thefuture communication system beyond the 5G system.

The BSs 200 and the network 300 may be implemented as wireless devicesand a specific wireless device may operate as a BS/network node withrespect to other wireless devices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f represent devices performingcommunication using radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT(NR)) or LTE) and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices.The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may include, without being limitedto, a robot 100 a, vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2, an extended reality(XR) device 100 c, a hand-held device 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, anIoT device 100 f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device/server 400.For example, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wirelesscommunication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehiclecapable of performing communication between vehicles. The vehicles mayinclude an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR devicemay include an AR/VR/Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented inthe form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) mountedin a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device,a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Thehand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device(e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., anotebook). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and awashing machine. The IoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter.

In the present disclosure, the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may becalled user equipments (UEs). A UE may include, for example, a cellularphone, a smartphone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcast terminal, apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), anavigation system, a slate personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, anultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle having an autonomous traveling function,a connected car, an UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VRdevice, an MR device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTCdevice, an IoT device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or afinancial device), a security device, a weather/environment device, adevice related to a 5G service, or a device related to a fourthindustrial revolution field.

The UAV may be, for example, an aircraft aviated by a wireless controlsignal without a human being onboard.

The VR device may include, for example, a device for implementing anobject or a background of the virtual world. The AR device may include,for example, a device implemented by connecting an object or abackground of the virtual world to an object or a background of the realworld. The MR device may include, for example, a device implemented bymerging an object or a background of the virtual world into an object ora background of the real world. The hologram device may include, forexample, a device for implementing a stereoscopic image of 360 degreesby recording and reproducing stereoscopic information, using aninterference phenomenon of light generated when two laser lights calledholography meet.

The public safety device may include, for example, an image relay deviceor an image device that is wearable on the body of a user.

The MTC device and the IoT device may be, for example, devices that donot require direct human intervention or manipulation. For example, theMTC device and the IoT device may include smartmeters, vending machines,thermometers, smartbulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

The medical device may be, for example, a device used for the purpose ofdiagnosing, treating, relieving, curing, or preventing disease. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofdiagnosing, treating, relieving, or correcting injury or impairment. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofinspecting, replacing, or modifying a structure or a function. Forexample, the medical device may be a device used for the purpose ofadjusting pregnancy. For example, the medical device may include adevice for treatment, a device for operation, a device for (in vitro)diagnosis, a hearing aid, or a device for procedure.

The security device may be, for example, a device installed to prevent adanger that may arise and to maintain safety. For example, the securitydevice may be a camera, a closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder, or ablack box.

The FinTech device may be, for example, a device capable of providing afinancial service such as mobile payment. For example, the FinTechdevice may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS) system.

The weather/environment device may include, for example, a device formonitoring or predicting a weather/environment.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR)network, and a beyond-5G network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to100 f may communicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300,the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication(e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing throughthe BSs 200/network 300. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)/vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f and/or betweenwireless device 100 a to 100 f and BS 200 and/or between BSs 200.Herein, the wireless communication/connections may be establishedthrough various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication150 a, sidelink communication (or device-to-device (D2D) communication)150 b, inter-base station communication 150 c (e.g., relay, integratedaccess and backhaul (IAB)), etc. The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f andthe BSs 200/the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may transmit/receiveradio signals to/from each other through the wirelesscommunication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b and 150 c maytransmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end,at least a part of various configuration information configuringprocesses, various signal processing processes (e.g., channelencoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resourcemapping/de-mapping), and resource allocating processes, fortransmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on thevarious proposals of the present disclosure.

AI refers to the field of studying artificial intelligence or themethodology that can create it, and machine learning refers to the fieldof defining various problems addressed in the field of AI and the fieldof methodology to solve them. Machine learning is also defined as analgorithm that increases the performance of a task through steadyexperience on a task.

Robot means a machine that automatically processes or operates a giventask by its own ability. In particular, robots with the ability torecognize the environment and make self-determination to perform actionscan be called intelligent robots. Robots can be classified asindustrial, medical, home, military, etc., depending on the purpose orarea of use. The robot can perform a variety of physical operations,such as moving the robot joints with actuators or motors. The movablerobot also includes wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., on the drive,allowing it to drive on the ground or fly in the air.

Autonomous driving means a technology that drives on its own, andautonomous vehicles mean vehicles that drive without user's control orwith minimal user's control. For example, autonomous driving may includemaintaining lanes in motion, automatically adjusting speed such asadaptive cruise control, automatic driving along a set route, andautomatically setting a route when a destination is set. The vehiclecovers vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines, hybridvehicles equipped with internal combustion engines and electric motors,and electric vehicles equipped with electric motors, and may includetrains, motorcycles, etc., as well as cars. Autonomous vehicles can beseen as robots with autonomous driving functions.

Extended reality is collectively referred to as VR, AR, and MR. VRtechnology provides objects and backgrounds of real world only throughcomputer graphic (CG) images. AR technology provides a virtual CG imageon top of a real object image. MR technology is a CG technology thatcombines and combines virtual objects into the real world. MR technologyis similar to AR technology in that they show real and virtual objectstogether. However, there is a difference in that in AR technology,virtual objects are used as complementary forms to real objects, whilein MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used as equalpersonalities.

NR supports multiples numerologies (and/or multiple subcarrier spacings(SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, if SCS is 15 kHz,wide area can be supported in traditional cellular bands, and if SCS is30 kHz/60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidthcan be supported. If SCS is 60 kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than24.25 GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

The NR frequency band may be defined as two types of frequency range,i.e., FR1 and FR2. The numerical value of the frequency range may bechanged. For example, the frequency ranges of the two types (FR1 andFR2) may be as shown in Table 1 below. For ease of explanation, in thefrequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean “sub 6 GHz range”,FR2 may mean “above 6 GHz range,” and may be referred to as millimeterwave (mmW).

TABLE 1 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency designation rangeSubcarrier Spacing FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As mentioned above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NRsystem may be changed. For example, FR1 may include a frequency band of410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 2 below. That is, FR1 may includea frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or more. Forexample, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) ormore included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. Unlicensed bandsmay be used for a variety of purposes, for example for communication forvehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

TABLE 2 Frequency Range Corresponding frequency designation rangeSubcarrier Spacing FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

Here, the radio communication technologies implemented in the wirelessdevices in the present disclosure may include narrowbandinternet-of-things (NB-IoT) technology for low-power communication aswell as LTE, NR and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an exampleof low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology, may be implemented inspecifications such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and may not belimited to the above-mentioned names Additionally and/or alternatively,the radio communication technologies implemented in the wireless devicesin the present disclosure may communicate based on LTE-M technology. Forexample, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and becalled by various names such as enhanced machine type communication(eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least oneof the various specifications, such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3)LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTEMachine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and may not be limited tothe above-mentioned names. Additionally and/or alternatively, the radiocommunication technologies implemented in the wireless devices in thepresent disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and/orLPWAN which take into account low-power communication, and may not belimited to the above-mentioned names. For example, ZigBee technology maygenerate personal area networks (PANs) associated with small/low-powerdigital communication based on various specifications such as IEEE802.15.4 and may be called various names.

FIG. 2 shows an example of wireless devices to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit/receive radio signals to/from an external devicethrough a variety of RATs (e.g., LTE and NR).

In FIG. 2 , {the first wireless device 100 and the second wirelessdevice 200} may correspond to at least one of {the wireless device 100 ato 100 f and the BS 200}, {the wireless device 100 a to 100 f and thewireless device 100 a to 100 f} and/or {the BS 200 and the BS 200} ofFIG. 1 .

The first wireless device 100 may include at least one transceiver, suchas a transceiver 106, at least one processing chip, such as a processingchip 101, and/or one or more antennas 108.

The processing chip 101 may include at least one processor, such aprocessor 102, and at least one memory, such as a memory 104. It isexemplarily shown in FIG. 2 that the memory 104 is included in theprocessing chip 101. Additional and/or alternatively, the memory 104 maybe placed outside of the processing chip 101.

The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and/or the transceiver 106and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts describedin the present disclosure. For example, the processor 102 may processinformation within the memory 104 to generate first information/signalsand then transmit radio signals including the first information/signalsthrough the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive radio signalsincluding second information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the secondinformation/signals in the memory 104.

The memory 104 may be operably connectable to the processor 102. Thememory 104 may store various types of information and/or instructions.The memory 104 may store a software code 105 which implementsinstructions that, when executed by the processor 102, perform thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example,the software code 105 may implement instructions that, when executed bythe processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure. For example, the software code 105 may control theprocessor 102 to perform one or more protocols. For example, thesoftware code 105 may control the processor 102 to perform one or morelayers of the radio interface protocol.

Herein, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.Each of the transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.The transceiver 106 may be interchangeably used with radio frequency(RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the first wireless device 100may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include at least one transceiver,such as a transceiver 206, at least one processing chip, such as aprocessing chip 201, and/or one or more antennas 208.

The processing chip 201 may include at least one processor, such aprocessor 202, and at least one memory, such as a memory 204. It isexemplarily shown in FIG. 2 that the memory 204 is included in theprocessing chip 201. Additional and/or alternatively, the memory 204 maybe placed outside of the processing chip 201.

The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts describedin the present disclosure. For example, the processor 202 may processinformation within the memory 204 to generate third information/signalsand then transmit radio signals including the third information/signalsthrough the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive radio signalsincluding fourth information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the fourthinformation/signals in the memory 204.

The memory 204 may be operably connectable to the processor 202. Thememory 204 may store various types of information and/or instructions.The memory 204 may store a software code 205 which implementsinstructions that, when executed by the processor 202, perform thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example,the software code 205 may implement instructions that, when executed bythe processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure. For example, the software code 205 may control theprocessor 202 to perform one or more protocols. For example, thesoftware code 205 may control the processor 202 to perform one or morelayers of the radio interface protocol.

Herein, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.Each of the transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.The transceiver 206 may be interchangeably used with RF unit. In thepresent disclosure, the second wireless device 200 may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as physical (PHY)layer, media access control (MAC) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer,packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio resource control(RRC) layer, and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol dataunits (PDUs) and/or one or more service data unit (SDUs) according tothe descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. The one ormore processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information,data, or information according to the descriptions, functions,procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosedin the present disclosure. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure and providethe generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g.,baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 andacquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, orinformation according to the descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreapplication specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digitalsignal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices(DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or morefield programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software and thefirmware or software may be configured to include the modules,procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure may beincluded in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the oneor more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thepresent disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in theform of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-onlymemories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), electrically erasableprogrammable read-only memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, to one ormore other devices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentionedin the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, from one ormore other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and206 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 andtransmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, orradio signals to one or more other devices. The one or more processors102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signalsfrom one or more other devices.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one ormore antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, through theone or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present disclosure, the one ormore antennas 108 and 208 may be a plurality of physical antennas or aplurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received user data,control information, radio signals/channels, etc., from RF band signalsinto baseband signals in order to process received user data, controlinformation, radio signals/channels, etc., using the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 mayconvert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels,etc., processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from thebase band signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/orfilters. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 canup-convert OFDM baseband signals to OFDM signals by their (analog)oscillators and/or filters under the control of the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and transmit the up-converted OFDM signals at thecarrier frequency. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveOFDM signals at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDM signalsinto OFDM baseband signals by their (analog) oscillators and/or filtersunder the control of the one or more processors 102 and 202.

In the implementations of the present disclosure, a UE may operate as atransmitting device in uplink (UL) and as a receiving device in downlink(DL). In the implementations of the present disclosure, a BS may operateas a receiving device in UL and as a transmitting device in DL.Hereinafter, for convenience of description, it is mainly assumed thatthe first wireless device 100 acts as the UE, and the second wirelessdevice 200 acts as the BS. For example, the processor(s) 102 connectedto, mounted on or launched in the first wireless device 100 may beconfigured to perform the UE behavior according to an implementation ofthe present disclosure or control the transceiver(s) 106 to perform theUE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure.The processor(s) 202 connected to, mounted on or launched in the secondwireless device 200 may be configured to perform the BS behavioraccording to an implementation of the present disclosure or control thetransceiver(s) 206 to perform the BS behavior according to animplementation of the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, a BS is also referred to as a node B (NB), aneNode B (eNB), or a gNB.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless device to which implementations ofthe present disclosure is applied.

The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to ause-case/service (refer to FIG. 1 ).

Referring to FIG. 3 , wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to thewireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 2 and may be configured by variouselements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. For example, eachof the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional components140. The communication unit 110 may include a communication circuit 112and transceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 mayinclude the one or more processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 2 and/or the oneor more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 2 . For example, the transceiver(s)114 may include the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 2and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 2 . The control unit120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memoryunit 130, and the additional components 140 and controls overalloperation of each of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, thecontrol unit 120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of each ofthe wireless devices 100 and 200 based onprograms/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit 130. Thecontrol unit 120 may transmit the information stored in the memory unit130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store, inthe memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wiredinterface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the additionalcomponents 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery,input/output (I/O) unit (e.g., audio I/O port, video I/O port), adriving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100a of FIG. 1 ), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 1 ), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 1 ), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 1 ), thehome appliance (100 e of FIG. 1 ), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 1 ), adigital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device,an MTC device, a medicine device, a FinTech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 1 ), the BSs (200 of FIG. 1 ), a networknode, etc. The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be used in a mobile orfixed place according to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 3 , the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110.

Each element, component, unit/portion, and/or module within the wirelessdevices 100 and 200 may further include one or more elements. Forexample, the control unit 120 may be configured by a set of one or moreprocessors. As an example, the control unit 120 may be configured by aset of a communication control processor, an application processor (AP),an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphical processing unit, and amemory control processor.

As another example, the memory unit 130 may be configured by a RAM, aDRAM, a ROM, a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory,and/or a combination thereof.

<Dual Connectivity (DC)>

Recently, a scheme for simultaneously connecting UE to different basestations, for example, a macro cell base station and a small cell basestation, is being studied. This is called dual connectivity (DC).

For example, when DC is configured in E-UTRA, the following exemplarydescription may be applied.

In DC, the eNodeB for the primary cell (PCell) may be referred to as amaster eNodeB (hereinafter referred to as MeNB). In addition, the eNodeBonly for the secondary cell (Scell) may be referred to as a secondaryeNodeB (hereinafter referred to as SeNB).

A cell group including a primary cell (PCell) implemented by MeNB may bereferred to as a master cell group (MCG) or PUCCH cell group 1. A cellgroup including a secondary cell (Scell) implemented by the SeNB may bereferred to as a secondary cell group (SCG) or PUCCH cell group 2.

Meanwhile, among the secondary cells in the secondary cell group (SCG),a secondary cell in which the UE can transmit Uplink Control Information(UCI), or the secondary cell in which the UE can transmit a PUCCH may bereferred to as a super secondary cell (Super SCell) or a primarysecondary cell (Primary Scell; PScell).

FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating exemplary architecture for anext-generation mobile communication service.

Referring to FIG. 4A, a UE is connected in dual connectivity (DC) withan LTE/LTE-A cell and a NR cell.

The NR cell is connected with a core network for the legacyfourth-generation mobile communication, that is, an Evolved Packet core(EPC). In example shown in FIG. 4A, the UE is configured with EN-DC(E-UTRA-NR DC). The UE, which is configured with EN-DC, is connectedwith an E-UTRA (that is, LTE/LTE-A) cell and an NR cell. Here, a PCellin EN-DC may be an E-UTRA (that is, LTE/LTE-A) cell, and a PSCell inEN-DC may be an NR cell.

Referring to FIG. 4B, the LTE/LTE-A cell is connected with a corenetwork for 5th generation mobile communication, that is, a NextGeneration (NG) core network, unlike the example in FIG. 4A.

A service based on the architecture shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is referredto as a non-standalone (NSA) service.

Referring to FIG. 4C, a UE is connected only with an NR cell. A servicebased on this architecture is referred to as a standalone (SA) service.

Meanwhile, in the above new radio access technology (NR), using adownlink subframe for reception from a base station and using an uplinksubframe for transmission to the base station may be considered. Thismethod may be applied to paired spectrums and not-paired spectrums. Apair of spectrum indicates including two subcarrier for downlink anduplink operations. For example, one subcarrier in one pair of spectrummay include a pair of a downlink band and an uplink band.

FIG. 5 shows a frame structure in a 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem to which implementations of the present disclosure is applied.

The frame structure shown in FIG. 5 is purely exemplary and the numberof subframes, the number of slots, and/or the number of symbols in aframe may be variously changed. In the 3GPP based wireless communicationsystem, OFDM numerologies (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS), transmissiontime interval (TTI) duration) may be differently configured between aplurality of cells aggregated for one UE. For example, if a UE isconfigured with different SCSs for cells aggregated for the cell, an(absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., a subframe, a slot,or a TTI) including the same number of symbols may be different amongthe aggregated cells. Herein, symbols may include OFDM symbols (orCP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or discrete Fouriertransform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

Referring to FIG. 5 , downlink and uplink transmissions are organizedinto frames. Each frame has T_(f)=10 ms duration. Each frame is dividedinto two half-frames, where each of the half-frames has 5 ms duration.Each half-frame consists of 5 subframes, where the duration T_(sf) persubframe is 1 ms. Each subframe is divided into slots and the number ofslots in a subframe depends on a subcarrier spacing. Each slot includes14 or 12 OFDM symbols based on a cyclic prefix (CP). In a normal CP,each slot includes 14 OFDM symbols and, in an extended CP, each slotincludes 12 OFDM symbols. The numerology is based on exponentiallyscalable subcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

Table 3 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot N^(slot) _(symb), thenumber of slots per frame N^(frame,u) _(slot), and the number of slotsper subframe N^(subframe,u) _(slot) for the normal CP, according to thesubcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

TABLE 3 u N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot) N^(subframe, u) _(slot)0 14 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16

Table 4 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot N^(slot) _(symb), thenumber of slots per frame N^(frame,u) _(slot), and the number of slotsper subframe N^(subframe,u) _(slot) for the extended CP, according tothe subcarrier spacing Δf=2^(u)*15 kHz.

TABLE 4 u N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot) N^(subframe, u) _(slot)2 12 40 4

<Operating Band in NR>

An operating band shown in Table 5 is a reframing operating band that istransitioned from an operating band of LTE/LTE-A. This operating band isreferred to as FR1 band.

TABLE 5 NR Oper- ating Uplink Operating Band Downlink Operating BandDuplex Band F_(UL) _(—) _(low)-F_(UL) _(—) _(high) F_(DL) _(—)_(low)-F_(DL) _(—) _(high) Mode n1 1920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHzFDD n2 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz FDD n3 1710 MHz-1785 MHz 1805MHz-1880 MHz FDD n5 824 MHz-849 MHz 869 MHz-894 MHz FDD n7 2500 MHz-2570MHz 2620 MHz-2690 MHz FDD n8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD n12 699MHz-716 MHz 729 MHz-746 MHz FDD n14 788 MHz-798 MHz 758 MHz-768 MHz FDDn18 815 MHz-830 MHz 860 MHz-875 MHz FDD n20 832 MHz-862 MHz 791 MHz-821MHz FDD n25 1850 MHz-1915 MHz 1930 MHz-1995 MHz FDD n26 814 MHz-849 MHz859 MHz-894 MHz FDD n28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758 MHz-803 MHz FDD n29 N/A 717MHz-728 MHz SDL n30 2305 MHz-2315 MHz 2350 MHz-2360 MHz FDD n34 2010MHz-2025 MHz 2010 MHz-2025 MHz TDD n38 2570 MHz-2620 MHz 2570 MHz-2620MHz TDD n39 1880 MHz-1920 MHz 1880 MHz-1920 MHz TDD n40 2300 MHz-2400MHz 2300 MHz-2400 MHz TDD n41 2496 MHz-2690 MHz 2496 MHz-2690 MHz TDDn46 5150 MHz-5925 MHz 5150 MHz-5925 MHz TDD n47 5855 MHz-5925 MHz 5855MHz-5925 MHz TDD n48 3550 MHz-3700 MHz 3550 MHz-3700 MHz TDD n50 1432MHz-1517 MHz 1432 MHz-1517 MHz TDD1 n51 1427 MHz-1432 MHz 1427 MHz-1432MHz TDD n53 2483.5 MHz-2495 MHz  2483.5 MHz-2495 MHz  TDD n65 1920MHz-2010 MHz 2110 MHz-2200 MHz FDD n66 1710 MHz-1780 MHz 2110 MHz-2200MHz FDD n70 1695 MHz-1710 MHz 1995 MHz-2020 MHz FDD n71 663 MHz-698 MHz617 MHz-652 MHz FDD n74 1427 MHz-1470 MHz 1475 MHz-1518 MHz FDD n75 N/A1432 MHz-1517 MHz SDL n76 N/A 1427 MHz-1432 MHz SDL n77 3300 MHz-4200MHz 3300 MHz-4200 MHz TDD n78 3300 MHz-3800 MHz 3300 MHz-3800 MHz TDDn79 4400 MHz-5000 MHz 4400 MHz-5000 MHz TDD n80 1710 MHz-1785 MHz N/ASUL n81 880 MHz-915 MHz N/A SUL n82 832 MHz-862 MHz N/A SUL n83 703MHz-748 MHz N/A SUL n84 1920 MHz-1980 MHz N/A SUL n86 1710 MHz-1780 MHzN/A SUL n89 824 MHz-849 MHz N/A SUL n90 2496 MHz-2690 MHz 2496 MHz-2690MHz TDD n91 832 MHz-862 MHz 1427 MHz-1432 MHz FDD n92 832 MHz-862 MHz1432 MHz-1517 MHz FDD n93 880 MHz-915 MHz 1427 MHz-1432 MHz FDD n94 880MHz-915 MHz 1432 MHz-1517 MHz FDD n95 2010 MHz-2025 MHz N/A SUL n96 5925MHz-7125 MHz 5925 MHz-7125 MHz TDD

The following table shows an NR operating band defined at highfrequencies. This operating band is referred to as FR2 band.

TABLE 6 NR Oper- ating Uplink Operating Band Downlink Operating BandDuplex Band F_(UL) _(—) _(low)-F_(UL) _(—) _(high) F_(DL) _(—)_(low)-F_(DL) _(—) _(high) Mode n257 26500 MHz-29500 MHz 26500 MHz-29500MHz TDD n258 24250 MHz-27500 MHz 24250 MHz-27500 MHz TDD n259 37000MHz-40000 MHz 37000 MHz-40000 MHz TDD

Meanwhile, when the operating band shown in the above table is used, achannel bandwidth is used as shown in the following table. For example,Table 7 shows an example of a maximum value of the cannel bandwidth.

TABLE 7 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 190 100 SCS MHz MHz MHz MHZ MHZMHz MHz MHZ MHz MHz MHZ MHz MHz (kHz) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB)N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB) 15 25 52 79 106133 160 216 270 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 30 11 24 38 51 65 78 106 133 162 189217 245 273 60 N/A 11 18 24 31 38 51 65 79 93 107 121 135

In NR, E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) operatingbands may also be used for communication. E-UTRA operating bands maymean operating bands of LTE.

The following table is an example of E-UTRA operating bands.

TABLE 8 E- Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) UTRA operating band operating bandOper- BS receive BS transmit Du- ating UE transmit UE receive plex BandF_(UL) _(—) _(low)-F_(UL) _(—) _(high) F_(DL) _(—) _(low)-F_(DL) _(—)_(high) Mode 1 1920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHz FDD 2 1850 MHz-1910MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz FDD 3 1710 MHz-1785 MHz 1805 MHz-1880 MHz FDD 41710 MHz-1755 MHz 2110 MHz-2155 MHz FDD 5 824 MHz-849 MHz 869 MHz-894MHz FDD 6 830 MHz-840 MHz 875 MHz-885 MHz FDD 7 2500 MHz-2570 MHz 2620MHz-2690 MHz FDD 8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD 9 1749.9MHz-1784.9 MHz 1844.9 MHz-1879.9 MHz FDD 10 1710 MHz-1770 MHz 2110MHz-2170 MHz FDD 11 1427.9 MHz-1447.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz-1495.9 MHz FDD 12699 MHz-716 MHz 729 MHz-746 MHz FDD 13 777 MHz-787 MHz 746 MHz-756 MHzFDD 14 788 MHz-798 MHz 758 MHz-768 MHz FDD 15 Reserved Reserved FDD 16Reserved Reserved FDD 17 704 MHz-716 MHz 734 MHz-746 MHz FDD 18 815MHz-830 MHz 860 MHz-875 MHz FDD 19 830 MHz-845 MHz 875 MHz-890 MHz FDD20 832 MHz-862 MHz 791 MHz-821 MHz FDD 21 1447.9 MHz-1462.9 MHz 1495.9MHz-1510.9 MHz FDD 22 3410 MHz-3490 MHz 3510 MHz-3590 MHz FDD 23 2000MHz-2020 MHz 2180 MHz-2200 MHz FDD 24 1626.5 MHz-1660.5 MHz 1525MHz-1559 MHz FDD 25 1850 MHz-1915 MHz 1930 MHz-1995 MHz FDD 26 814MHz-849 MHz 859 MHz-894 MHz FDD 27 807 MHz-824 MHz 852 MHz-869 MHz FDD28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758 MHz-803 MHz FDD 29 N/A 717 MHz-728 MHz FDD 302305 MHz-2315 MHz 2350 MHz-2360 MHz FDD 31 452.5 MHz-457.5 MHz 462.5MHz-467.5 MHz FDD 32 N/A 1452 MHz-1496 MHz FDD 33 1900 MHz-1920 MHz 1900MHz-1920 MHz TDD 34 2010 MHz-2025 MHz 2010 MHz-2025 MHz TDD 35 1850MHz-1910 MHz 1850 MHz-1910 MHz TDD 36 1930 MHz-1990 MHz 1930 MHz-1990MHz TDD 37 1910 MHz-1930 MHz 1910 MHz-1930 MHz TDD 38 2570 MHz-2620 MHz2570 MHz-2620 MHz TDD 39 1880 MHz-1920 MHz 1880 MHz-1920 MHz TDD 40 2300MHz-2400 MHz 2300 MHz-2400 MHz TDD 41 2496 MHz-2690 MHz 2496 MHz-2690MHz TDD 42 3400 MHz-3600 MHz 3400 MHz-3600 MHz TDD 43 3600 MHz-3800 MHz3600 MHz-3800 MHz TDD 44 703 MHz-803 MHz 703 MHz-803 MHz TDD 45 1447MHz-1467 MHz 1447 MHz-1467 MHz TDD 46 5150 MHz-5925 MHz 5150 MHz-5925MHz TDD 46 5150 MHz-5925 MHz 5150 MHz-5925 MHz TDD 47 5855 MHz-5925 MHz5855 MHz-5925 MHz TDD 48 3550 MHz-3700 MHz 3550 MHz-3700 MHz TDD 49 3550MHz-3700 MHz 3550 MHz-3700 MHz TDD 50 1432 MHz-1517 MHz 1432 MHz-1517MHz TDD 51 1427 MHz-1432 MHz 1427 MHz-1432 MHz TDD 64 Reserved 65 1920MHz-2010 MHz 2110 MHz-2200 MHz FDD 66 1710 MHz-1780 MHz 2110 MHz-2200MHz FDD 67 N/A 738 MHz-758 MHz FDD 68 698 MHz-728 MHz 753 MHz-783 MHzFDD 69 N/A 2570 MHz-2620 MHz FDD 70 1695 MHz-1710 MHz 1995 MHz-2020 MHzFDD 71 663 MHz-698 MHz 617 MHz-652 MHz FDD 72 451 MHz-456 MHz 461MHz-466 MHz FDD 73 450 MHz-455 MHz 460 MHz-465 MHz FDD 74 1427 MHz-1470MHz 1475 MHz-1518 MHz FDD 75 N/A 1432 MHz-1517 MHz FDD 76 N/A 1427MHz-1432 MHz FDD 85 698 MHz-716 MHz 728 MHz-746 MHz FDD

In the above table, SCS indicates a subcarrier spacing. In the abovetable, N_(RB) indicates the number of RBs.

Meanwhile, when the operating band shown in the above table is used, achannel bandwidth is used as shown in the following table.

TABLE 9 SCS 50 MHz 100 MHz 200 MHz 400 MHz (kHz) N_(RB) N_(RB) N_(RB)N_(RB) 60 66 132 264 N/A 120 32 66 132 264

<Carrier Aggregation>

A carrier aggregation system is now described.

A carrier aggregation system aggregates a plurality of componentcarriers (CCs). A meaning of an existing cell is changed according tothe above carrier aggregation. According to the carrier aggregation, acell may signify a combination of a downlink component carrier and anuplink component carrier or an independent downlink component carrier.

Further, the cell in the carrier aggregation may be classified into aprimary cell, a secondary cell, and a serving cell. The primary cellsignifies a cell operated in a primary frequency. The primary cellsignifies a cell which UE performs an initial connection establishmentprocedure or a connection reestablishment procedure or a cell indicatedas a primary cell in a handover procedure. The secondary cell signifiesa cell operating in a secondary frequency. Once the RRC connection isestablished, the secondary cell is used to provided an additional radioresource.

As described above, the carrier aggregation system may support aplurality of component carriers (CCs), that is, a plurality of servingcells unlike a single carrier system.

The carrier aggregation system may support a cross-carrier scheduling.The cross-carrier scheduling is a scheduling method capable ofperforming resource allocation of a PDSCH transmitted through othercomponent carrier through a PDCCH transmitted through a specificcomponent carrier and/or resource allocation of a PUSCH transmittedthrough other component carrier different from a component carrierbasically linked with the specific component carrier.

Carrier aggregation may be classified into a continuous carrieraggregation in which aggregated carriers are continuous and anon-contiguous carrier aggregation in which aggregated carriers areseparated from each other. In the following, carrier aggregation simplyshould be understood to include both the case where the componentcarrier (CC) is continuous and the case where it is discontinuous. Thenumber of CCs aggregated between the downlink and the uplink may be setdifferently. A case in which the number of downlink CCs and the numberof uplink CCs are the same may be referred to as symmetric aggregation,and a case in which the number of downlink CCs are different may bereferred to as asymmetric aggregation.

On the other hand, carrier aggregation can also be classified intointer-band CA and intra-band CA. The inter-band CA is a method ofaggregating and using each CC existing in different operating bands, andthe intra-band CA is a method of aggregating and using each CC in thesame operating band. In addition, the CA technology is morespecifically, intra-band contiguous CA, intra-band non-contiguous CA andinter-band discontinuity. Non-Contiguous) CA.

FIG. 6 a illustrates a concept view of an example of intra-bandcontiguous CA. FIG. 6 b illustrates a concept view of an example ofintra-band non-contiguous CA.

LTE-advanced adds various schemes including uplink MIMO and carrieraggregation in order to realize high-speed wireless transmission. The CAmay be split into the intra-band contiguous CA shown in FIG. 6 a and theintra-band non-contiguous CA shown in FIG. 6 b.

FIG. 7 a illustrates a concept view of an example of a combination of alower frequency band and a higher frequency band for inter-band CA. FIG.7 b illustrates a concept view of an example of a combination of similarfrequency bands for inter-band CA.

The inter-band carrier aggregation may be separated into inter-band CAbetween carriers of a low band and a high band having different RFcharacteristics of inter-band CA as shown in FIG. 7 a and inter-band CAof similar frequencies that may use a common RF terminal per componentcarrier due to similar RF (radio frequency) characteristics as shown inFIG. 7 b.

The following table is an example of Transmission bandwidthconfiguration N_(RB) in E-UTRA.

TABLE 10 Channel bandwidth 1.4 3 5 10 15 20 BW _(Channel) [MHz]Transmission 6 15 25 50 75 100 bandwidth configuration N_(RB)

In Table 10, N_(RB) may mean Transmission bandwidth configuration,expressed in units of resource blocks. The following table is an exampleof CA bandwidth classes and corresponding nominal guard band BW_(GB).The example of CA bandwidth classes and corresponding nominal guard bandBW_(GB) may be used for CA in E-UTRA.

TABLE 11 Aggregated CA Transmission Number of Bandwidth Bandwidthcontiguous Nominal Guard Class Configuration CC Band BW_(GB) AN_(RB, agg) ≤ 100 1 a₁ BW_(Channel(1)) − 0.5 Δf₁ (NOTE 2) B 25 <N_(RB, agg) ≤ 100 2 0.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2))) − 0.5 Δf₁C 100 < N_(RB, agg) ≤ 200 2 0.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2))) −0.5 Δf₁ D 200 < N_(RB, agg) ≤ 300 3 0.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)),BW_(Channel(2)), BW_(Channel(3))) − 0.5 Δf₁ E 300 < N_(RB, agg) ≤ 400 40.05 max(_(BWChannel(1)), BW_(Channel(2)), BW_(Channel(3)),BW_(Channel(4))) − 0.5 Δf₁ F 400 < N_(RB, agg) ≤ 500 5 0.05max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2)), BW_(Channel(3)), BW_(Channel(4)),BW_(Channel(5))) − 0.5 Δf₁ I 700 < N_(RB, agg) ≤ 800 8 NOTE 3 NOTE 1:BW_(Channel(j)), j = 1, 2, 3, 4 is the channel bandwidth of an E-UTRAcomponent carrier according to Table 10 and Δf₁ = Δf for the downlinkwith Δf the subcarrier spacing while Δf₁ = 0 for the uplink. (NOTE 2):a₁ = 0.16/1.4 for BW_(Channel(1)) = 1.4 MHz whereas a₁ = 0.05 for allother channel bandwidths. NOTE 3: Applicable for later releases.

In Table 11, BW_(GB) may mean nominal guard band. The nominal guard bandmay mean a virtual guard band to facilitate transmitter (or receiver)filtering above/below edge CC(Component Carrier)s. N_(RB,agg) may meanthe number of aggregated RBs within a fully allocated Aggregated Channelbandwidth.

The carrier aggregation configuration is a combination of operatingbands, each supporting a carrier aggregation bandwidth class. Thefollowing table is an example of CA bandwidth classes in NR.

The carrier aggregation configuration is a combination of operatingbands, each supporting a carrier aggregation bandwidth class. Thefollowing table is an example of CA bandwidth classes in NR.

TABLE 12 NR CA Number of Fallback bandwidth class Aggregated channelbandwidth contiguous CC group A BW_(Channel) ≤ BW_(Channel, max) 1 1, 2,3 B 20 MHz ≤ BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 100 MHz 2 2, 3 C 100 MHz <BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 2 × BW_(Channel, max) 2 1, 3 D 200 MHz <BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 3 × BW_(Channel, max) 3 E 300 MHz <BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 4 × BW_(Channel, max) 4 G 100 MHz <BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 150 MHz 3 2 H 150 MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—)_(CA) ≤ 200 MHz 4 I 200 MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 250 MHz 5 J 250MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 300 MHz 6 K 300 MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—)_(CA) ≤ 350 MHz 7 L 350 MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ 400 MHz 8 M 50MHz < BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ [180] MHz 3 3 N 80 MHz < BW_(Channel)_(—) _(CA) ≤ [240] MHz 4 O 100 MHz ≤ BW_(Channel) _(—) _(CA) ≤ [300] MHz5

In Table 12, BW_(Channel_CA) is maximum channel bandwidth supportedamong all bands. It is mandatory for a UE to be able to fallback tolower order NR CA bandwidth class configuration within a fallback group.It is not mandatory for a UE to be able to fallback to lower order NR CAbandwidth class configuration that belong to a different fallback group.

<Disclosure of the Present Specification>

In 5G NR, EN-DC combinations, in which various E-UTRA bands and variousNR bands operate at the same time, may be supported. Similar toLTE/LTE-A CA, each EN-DC band combination of the operator was added tothe basket Work Item (WI) to solve MSD (Maximum sensitivity degradation)issue for dual uplink of the EN-DC band combination. Many EN-DC bandcombinations have been proposed to support EN-DC band combination of LTEx-band downlink/1 band uplink (x=1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) and NR 2 banddownlink/1 band uplink. In addition, many EN-DC band combinations ofEN-DC have been proposed to support EN-DC band combination of LTE 2 banddownlink/1 band uplink and NR 1 band downlink/1 band uplink.

Accordingly, in the present specification, among various EN-DC bandcombinations, a EN-DC band combination in which a reception sensitivityreduction phenomenon occurs in its own reception band due to IMD and aharmonic component, which are generated by dual uplink, is analyzed. Inaddition, in this specification, the MSD (maximum sensitivitydegradation) in consideration of the UE-implemented RF (Radio Frequency)structure in the corresponding EN-DC band combination is analyzed.Through the analyzed MSD, exceptions to the reception sensitivityrequirements of the EN-DC band combination are proposed for thestandard. An exception to the reception sensitivity requirement of theEN-DC combination may be applied as an exception to the receptionsensitivity test of the corresponding UE.

For example, in the disclosure of the present specification, when apower class 3 UE performs communication based on an EN-DC operation,self-interference generated in the UE is analyzed, and a relaxedstandard for sensitivity thereto is proposed. For example, the relaxedstandard for sensitivity may be based on MSD.

In addition, in the disclosure of the present specification, selfdesense and/or self-interference due to simultaneous FDD+TDDtransmission, performed by a power class 2 UE, in an EN-DC bandcombination (e.g. CA_3A_n78A) are analyzed, and a relaxed standard forsensitivity thereto is proposed. For example, the relaxed standard forsensitivity may be based on MSD.

Herein, the power class of UE may mean the maximum allowed output powerof the handheld device UE in FR1. The power class 2 UE can supportmaximum output power up to 26 dBm. The power class 3 UE can supportmaximum output power up to 23 dBm.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 8 illustrates a first example of situation in which an uplinksignal transmitted via an uplink operating band affects reception of adownlink signal on via downlink operating band.

In FIG. 8 , Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) may mean amplitudemodulation of signals containing two or more different frequencies,caused by nonlinearities or time variance in a system. Theintermodulation between frequency components will form additionalcomponents at frequencies that are not just at harmonic frequencies(integer multiples) of either, like harmonic distortion, but also at thesum and difference frequencies of the original frequencies and at sumsand differences of multiples of those frequencies.

Referring to FIG. 8 , an example in which an EN-DC is configured with aUE is shown. For example, the UE may perform communication by using theEN-DC based on three downlink operating bands (DL Band X, Y, Z) and twouplink operating bands (UL Band X, Y).

As shown in FIG. 8 , in a situation in which three downlink operatingbands are configured by the EN-DC and two uplink operating bands areconfigured by the EN-DC, the UE may transmit an uplink signal throughtwo uplink operating bands. In this case, a harmonics component and anintermodulation distortion (IMD) component occurring based on thefrequency band of the uplink signal may fall into its own downlink band.That is, in the example of FIG. 8 , when the UE transmits the uplinksignal, the harmonics component and the intermodulation distortion (IMD)component may occur, which may affect the downlink band of the UEitself.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 9 illustrates a second example of situation in which an uplinksignal transmitted via an uplink operating band affects reception of adownlink signal on via downlink operating band.

In FIG. 9 , Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) may mean amplitudemodulation of signals containing two or more different frequencies,caused by nonlinearities or time variance in a system. Theintermodulation between frequency components will form additionalcomponents at frequencies that are not just at harmonic frequencies(integer multiples) of either, like harmonic distortion, but also at thesum and difference frequencies of the original frequencies and at sumsand differences of multiples of those frequencies.

Referring to FIG. 9 , an example in which an EN-DC is configured with aUE is shown. For example, the UE may perform communication by using theEN-DC based on two downlink operating bands (DL Band X, Y) and twouplink operating bands (UL Band X, Y).

As shown in FIG. 9 , in a situation in which two downlink operatingbands are configured by the EN-DC and two uplink operating bands areconfigured by the EN-DC, the UE may transmit an uplink signal throughtwo uplink operating bands. In this case, a harmonics component and anintermodulation distortion (IMD) component occurring based on thefrequency band of the uplink signal may fall into its own downlink band.That is, in the example of FIG. 9 , when the UE transmits the uplinksignal, the harmonics component and the intermodulation distortion (IMD)component may occur, which may affect the downlink band of the UEitself.

The UE should be configured to satisfy a reference sensitivity powerlevel (REFSENS) which is the minimum average power for each antenna portof the UE when receiving the downlink signal.

When the harmonics component and/or IMD component occur as shown in theexample of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , there is a possibility that the REFSENSfor the downlink signal may not be satisfied due to the uplink signaltransmitted by the UE itself.

For example, the REFSENS may be set such that the downlink signalthroughput of the UE is 95% or more of the maximum throughput of thereference measurement channel. When the harmonics component and/or IMDcomponent occur, there is a possibility that the downlink signalthroughput is reduced to 95% or less of the maximum throughput.

Therefore, when the harmonics component and/or IMD component occur,whether the harmonics component and the IMD component of the UE occurmay be determined, and the maximum sensitivity degradation (MSD) valueis defined for the corresponding frequency band, so relaxation forREFSENS in the reception band related to its own transmission signal maybe allowed. Here, the MSD may mean the maximum allowed reduction of theREFSENS. When the MSD is defined for a specific operating band of theUE, which configured with the EN-DC, the REFSENS of the correspondingoperating band may be relaxed by the amount of the defined MSD.

Hereinafter, in a first example of the disclosure of the presentspecification, self-interference generated in the UE is analyzed, and arelaxed standard for sensitivity thereto is proposed, when a power class3 UE performs communication based on an EN-DC operation. For example,the relaxed standard for sensitivity may be based on MSD.

Hereinafter, in a second example of the disclosure of the presentspecification, self desense and/or self-interference due to simultaneousFDD+TDD transmission, performed by a power class 2 UE, in an EN-DC bandcombination (e.g. CA_3A_n78A) are analyzed, and a relaxed standard forsensitivity thereto is proposed. For example, the relaxed standard forsensitivity may be based on MSD.

1. First Example of the Disclosure of the Present Specification

Hereinafter, self-interference for PC3 (power class 3) UE configuredwith EN-DC is analyzed. PC3 (power class 3) UE configured with EN-DC maybe referred to PC3 EN-DC UE. Various combinations of downlink operatingbands and uplink operating bands may be used for the EN-DC. For example,for EN-DC, combinations of one E-UTRA operating bands and two NRoperating bands may be used. Based on the combinations of one E-UTRAoperating band and two NR operating bands, a UE may be configured to use2 uplink operating bands (one E-UTRA operating band and one NR operatingband) and 3 downlink operating bands (one E-UTRA operating band and twoNR operating bands)

Hereinafter, the EN-DC operation using combinations of three downlinkoperating bands and two uplink operating bands may also be referred toas 3 bands DL/2 bands UL EN-DC, or 3 DL/2 UL EN-DC.

Conventionally, the impact of harmonics and/or IMD on some combinationsin the EN-DC case (for example, 3DL/2UL EN-DC case) has not beenanalyzed and the MSD values for the combinations in the EN-DC case havenot been discussed. For example, the impact of the harmonics and/or IMDfor a combination of EN-DC cases of Table 13, which will be describedlater, is not analyzed, and the MSD values have not been discussed.

In the EN-DC case based on 3 bands DL/2 bands UL combinations, the UEmay perform dual uplink transmission through two uplink operating bands.In this case, the MSD value for analyzing the impact of the harmonicsand/or IMD occurring in the downlink operating band other than theuplink operating band used for the dual uplink transmission among the 3downlink operating bands and relaxing the REFSENS specification needs tobe proposed.

Hereinafter, the impact of the harmonics and/or IMD in the EN-DC casebased on the 3 bands DL/2 bands UL combinations is analyzed. Inaddition, the MSD value for relaxing the RESENS specification based onthe analyzed results is proposed.

For example, self-interference (for example, interference due to theharmonics and/or IMD) occurring in the UE, which is configured withEN-DC (3 bands DL/2 bands UL EN-DC), may be analyzed. In addition, theMSD value may be set based on the analyzed self-interference, and areference sensitivity specification, which is relaxed due to the MSD,may be defined.

In other words, in the present disclosure, for the UE, which configuredwith the 3 DL/2 UL EN-DC may be analyzed. In addition, in the presentdisclosure, the maximum sensitivity degradation (MSD) value may beproposed in consideration of a radio frequency (RF) structure in acombination of bands in which the impact of self-interference isanalyzed. The proposed MSD makes it possible to make exceptions to thereference sensitivity of the band (for example, to relax the REFSENSbased on the MSD value). The reference sensitivity to which theexceptions are applied during the UE test may be applied to the UE, andthe UE may pass the UE test based on the applied reference sensitivity.

As described above, for the combination of the UL operating band and theDL operating band having the self-interference problem, the MSD needs tobe determined.

For the 3 bands DL/2 bands UL combinations (that is, 3 bands DL/2 bandsUL combination CA operating band combinations), the MSD for one downlinkband (one of the three downlink bands) affected by the harmonic and/orIMD occurring during the dual uplink transmission based on two ULoperating bands may be provided below.

Table 13 below shows an example of the 3 bands DL/2 bands UL CA bandcombination associated with the self-interference problem. For example,Table 13 summarizes the EN-DC band combinations with self-interferenceproblems for 3DL/2UL EN-DC operation. In detail, Table 13 shows anexample of self-interference analysis for LTE 1 band & NR 2 bands DL and2 bands UL EN-DC operation.

TABLE 13 interference Downlink Harmonic intermodulation due to smallband Uplink relation to own Rx frequency configuration DC Configurationissues band separation MSD DC_13_n5-n48 DC_13A_n48A — — — No issueDC_13_n48-n66 DC_13A_n48A — 3^(rd) IMD — FFS(For Further Study)DC_13A_n66A 2^(nd) 5^(th) IMD — 2^(nd) harmonic harmonic issue will befrom n66 solved in into n48 CA_n48-n66 FFS DC_66_n5-n48 DC_66A_n5A2^(nd) 5^(th) IMD — 2^(nd) harmonic harmonic issue will be from n66solved in into n48 CA_n48-n66 FFS DC_66A_n48A — — — No issueDC_2_n41-n66 DC_2A_n41A — — — No issue DC_2A_n66A — — — No issueDC_2_n66-n71 DC_2A_n66A — — — No issue DC_2A_n71A — — — No issueDC_66_n25-n71 DC_66A_n25A — — — No issue DC_66A_n71A 3^(rd) — — 3^(rd)harmonic harmonic issue will be from n71 solved in into n25 CA_n25-n71DC_28_n7-n78 DC_28A_n7A 5^(th) 2^(nd) & 4^(th) IMDs — 5^(th) harmonicDC_28A_n7B harmonic issue will be from B28 solved in into n78 DC_28-n78These IMD issue were covered in DC_7_n28-n78 DC_28A_n78A — 2^(nd) IMD2^(nd) IMD issue was covered in DC_7-28_n78 DC_11_n3-n28 DC_11A_n3A —5^(th) IMD FFS DC_11A_n28A — — — No issue DC_1_n8-n78 DC_1A_n8A 4^(th)3^(rd) IMD — The harmonic harmonic problem already from n8 specifiedas - into n78 14.9 dB in DC_8A_n1A-n78A conventionally DC_1A_n78A —5^(th) IMD — 5^(th) IMD already covered in DC_1A-8A_n78A DC_1_n8-n40DC_1A_n8A — — — No issue DC_1A_n40A — 4^(th) & 5^(th) IMDs — FFS FFSDC_20_n20-n75 DC_20A_n20A² — — — No issue DC_1_n28-n40 DC_1A_n28A —4^(th) IMD — FFS DC_1A_n40A — 4^(th) IMD — FFS DC_3_n1-n40 DC_3A_n1A —5^(th) IMD — FFS DC_3A_n40A — — — No issue DC_3_n8-n40 DC_3A_n8A — — —No issue DC_3A_n40A — — — No issue DC_3_n8-n78 DC_3A_n8A 4^(th) 3^(rd) &5^(th) IMDs 4^(th) harmonic harmonic issue was from n8 solved in inton78 DC_8A_n78A FFS(3^(rd) IMD) FFS(5^(th) IMD) DC_3A_n78A — — — No issueDC_3_n28-n40 DC_3A_n28A — — — No issue DC_3A_n40A — — — No issueDC_7_n1-n40 DC_7A_n1A — — — No issue DC_7A_n40A — 3^(rd) & 5^(th) IMDs —FFS(3^(rd) IMD) FFS(5^(th) IMD) DC_7_n8-n40 DC_7A_n8A — 5^(th) IMD — FFSDC_7A_n40A — — — No issue DC_7_n8-n78 DC_7A_n8A 4^(th) 2^(nd) & 4^(th)IMDs 4^(th) harmonic harmonic issue was from n8 solved in into n78DC_8A_n78A FFS(2^(nd) IMD) FFS(4^(th) IMD) DC_7A_n78A — 2^(nd) & 5^(th)IMDs FFS(2^(nd) IMD) FFS(5^(th) IMD) DC_7_n28-n40 DC_7A_n28A — — — Noissue DC_7A_n40A — — — No issue DC_2_n7-n78 DC_2A_n7A 2^(nd) 5^(th) IMDFFS harmonic from B2 into n78 DC_2A_n78A — — — No issue DC_13_n7-n78DC_13A_n7A — 2^(nd) & 4^(th) IMDs — FFS(2^(nd) IMD) FFS(4^(th) IMD)DC_13A_n78A — 2^(nd) IMD — FFS DC_2_n71-n261 DC_2A_n71A 15^(th) — — Noharmonic harmonic problem to from B2 n261 into n261 DC_28_n77-n257DC_28A_n77A 7^(th) & 8^(th) — — No harmonic DC_28_n77(2A)- harmonicsproblem to n257 from n77 n257 into n257 DC_28A_n257A 5^(th) — — 5^(th)harmonic DC_28A_n257D harmonic problem was DC_28A_n257G from B28 solvedin DC_28A_n257H into n77 DC_28A_n77A DC_28A_n257I DC_19_n77-n257DC_19A_n77A 7^(th) & 8^(th) — — No harmonic harmonics problem to fromn77 n257 into n257 DC_19A_n257A 4^(th) — — 4^(th) harmonic problem wassolved in DC_19A_n257G harmonic DC_19A_n77A DC_19A_n257H from B19DC_19A_n257I into n77 DC_19_n78-n257 DC_19A_n78A 7^(th) & 8^(th) — — Noharmonic harmonics problem to from n78 n257 into n257 DC_19A_n257A4^(th) — — 4^(th) harmonic DC_19A_n257G harmonic problem wasDC_19A_n257H from B19 solved in DC_19A_n257I into n78 DC_19A_n78ADC_21A_n257A — — — No issue DC_21A_n257G DC_21A_n257H DC_21A_n257I

For band combinations shown in Table 13, self-interference analysis forthe dual uplink EN-DC may be completed firstly. For band combinationsshown in Table 13, single switched UL may be supported.

Alphabets (A, B, C, D, and the like) after the number in Table 13 referto a bandwidth class described in the example of Table 11 and Table 12.

In Table 13, 3rd band without uplink means a downlink operating bandthat does not overlap two uplink operating bands among three downlinkoperating bands used for the EN-DC.

For example, in the DC_1_n28-n40 downlink band and DC_1_A_n28A uplinkband combination, the 3rd band without uplink means downlink operatingband n40. As another example, in the DC_3_n8-n78 downlink band andDC_3A_n8A uplink band combination, the 3rd band without uplink means thedownlink operating band n78.

Here, the DC_1_n28-n40 downlink band may mean that downlink operatingbands 1, n28, and n40 are used for EN-DC operation, and the DC_1_A_n28Auplink band may mean that uplink operating bands n1 and n25 are used forEN-DC operation.

Referring to Table 13, the self-interference problem of various EN-DCband combinations are needed to be analyzed in the presentspecification. That is, the MSD values for various EN-DC bandcombinations are not defined yet.

For example, for EN-DC band combination of the DC_1_n8-n40 downlink bandand the DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, 4th IMD and 5th IMD are not analyzedpreviously. For example, for EN-DC band combination of the DC_1_n28-n40downlink band and the DC_1_A_n28A uplink band and for EN-DC bandcombination of the DC_1_n28-n40 downlink band and the DC_1_A_n40A uplinkband, 4th IMD are not analyzed previously. For example, for EN-DC bandcombination of the DC_3_n8-n78 downlink band and the DC_3A_n8A uplinkband, 3rd IMD and 5th IMD are not analyzed previously. For example, forEN-DC band combination of the DC_7_n1-n40 downlink band and theDC_7A_n40A uplink band, 3rd IMD and 5th IMD are not analyzed previously.For example, for EN-DC band combination of the DC_7_n8-n78 downlink bandand the DC_7A_n8A uplink band and for EN-DC band combination of theDC_7_n8-n78 downlink band and the DC_7A_n78A uplink band, 2nd IMD&4thIMD and 2nd IMD&5th IMD are not analyzed previously for each EN-DC bandcombination. For example, for EN-DC band combination of the DC_2_n7-n78downlink band and the DC_2A_n7Auplink band, and 5th IMD are not analyzedpreviously.

Hereinafter, the self-interference problem (e.g. IMD) of various EN-DCband combinations of Table 13 will be analyzed. Based on the analysisresults, which will be explained below, the MSD values for various EN-DCband combinations of Table 13 will be determined.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 1, n8, n40 and uplink bands 1, n40.

FIG. 10 shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 4) affecting thedownlink band n8 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands 1,n8, n40 and uplink bands 1, n40. For example, the IMD 4 affecting thedownlink band n8 in the combination of DC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlink band andDC_1_A_n40A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 10 , a 4th order IMD (IMD 4) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 1 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n40 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n8.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 4 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n8 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band n40 is 2395 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band 1 is 1930 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n8 is 930 MHz. In this case, since2395*2−1930*2=930, the frequency of the IMD4 component of the uplinkbands 1 and n40 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink bandn8.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 11 a illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1,n28.

FIG. 11 a shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 4) affectingthe downlink band n40 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1, n28. For example, the IMD 4 affectingthe downlink band n40 in the combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 11 a , a 4th order IMD (IMD 4) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 1 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n28 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n40.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 4 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n40 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 1 is 1930 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n28 is 743 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n40 is 2374 MHz. In this case, since1930*2−743*2=2374, the frequency of the IMD4 component of the uplinkbands 1 and n28 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink bandn40.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 11 b illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1,n40.

FIG. 11 b shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 4) affectingthe downlink band n28 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands1, n28, n40 and uplink bands 1, n40. For example, the IMD 4 affectingthe downlink band n28 in the combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 11 b , a 4th order IMD (IMD 4) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 1 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n28 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n28.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 4 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n28 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 1 is 1930 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n40 is 2314 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n28 is 713 MHz. In this case, since2314*2−1930*2=768, the frequency of the IMD4 component of the uplinkbands 1 and n40 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink bandn28.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 3, n8, n78 and uplink bands 3, n8.

FIG. 12 shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 3) affecting thedownlink band n78 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands 3,n8, n78 and uplink bands 1, n40. For example, the IMD 3 affecting thedownlink band n28 in the combination of DC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink band andDC_3A_n8A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 12 , a 3^(rd) order IMD (IMD 3) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 3 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n8 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n78.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 3 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n78 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 3 is 1740 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n8 is 900 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n78 is 3540 MHz. In this case, since1740*2+900=3540, the frequency of the IMD3 component of the uplink bands3 and n8 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink band n78.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 7, n1, n40 and uplink bands 7, n40.

FIG. 13 shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 3) affecting thedownlink band n1 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands 7,n1, n40 and uplink bands 7, n40. For example, the IMD 3 affecting thedownlink band n28 in the combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40A downlink band andDC_7A_n40A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 13 , a 3rd order IMD (IMD 3) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 7 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n40 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n1.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 3 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n1 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 7 is 2540 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n40 is 2335 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n1 is 1940 MHz. In this case, since2335*2+2540=2130, the frequency of the IMD3 component of the uplinkbands 7 and n40 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink bandn1.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 14 a illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7,n8.

FIG. 14 a shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 2) affectingthe downlink band n78 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7, n8. For example, the IMD 2 affecting thedownlink band n28 in the combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band andDC_7A_n8A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 14 a , a 2nd order IMD (IMD 2) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 7 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n8 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n78.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 2 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n78 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 7 is 2555 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n8 is 900 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n78 is 3455 MHz. In this case, since2555+900=3455, the frequency of the IMD2 component of the uplink bands 7and n8 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink band n78.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 14 b illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DCwith band combination of downlink bands 7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7,n78.

FIG. 14 b shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 2) affectingthe downlink band n78 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands7, n8, n78 and uplink bands 7, n78. For example, the IMD 2 affecting thedownlink band n8 in the combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band andDC_7A_n78A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 14 b , a 2nd order IMD (IMD 2) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 7 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n78 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n8.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 2 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n8 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 7 is 2555 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n78 is 3500 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n8 is 945 MHz. In this case, since3500-2555=945, the frequency of the IMD2 component of the uplink bands 7and n78 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink band n8.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 2, n7, n78 and uplink bands 2, n7.

FIG. 15 shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 5) affecting thedownlink band n78 for EN-DC with band combination of downlink bands 2,n7, n78 and uplink bands 2, n7. For example, the IMD 5 affecting thedownlink band n8 in the combination of DC_2A_n7A-n78A downlink band andDC_2A_n7A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 15 , a 5th order IMD (IMD 5) component of an uplinksignal transmitted in the uplink band 2 and an uplink signal transmittedin the uplink band n7 may fall into a frequency range of the downlinkband n78.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 5 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band n78 is greatest, is the case where a centerfrequency of the uplink band 2 is 1900 MHz, a center frequency of theuplink operating band n7 is 2525 MHz, and a center frequency of thedownlink operating band n78 is 3775 MHz. In this case, since2525*3-1900*2=3775, the frequency of the IMD5 component of the uplinkbands 2 and n7 coincides with the center frequency of the downlink bandn78.

Test configuration to test MSD according to the above self-interferenceanalysis (e.g. Table 13 and FIG. 10 to FIG. 15 ) and parameters of FEdevices according to each RF architecture are analyzed.

For EN-DC of x DL Band LTE (x=1, 2, 3, 4) and 2 DL Band NR basket WI,shared antenna RF architectures for NSA UE in sub-6 GHz as LTE systemare considered. So, shared antenna RF architecture for general NSA DC UEto derive MSD levels is considered in the present specification.

For the MSD analysis of these 3DL/2UL EN-DC NR UE, we assume theparameters and attenuation levels based on current UE RF FE (Front-End)components as shown in Table 14 and 14.

Table 14 shows an example of RF component isolation parameters of a UEto analyze IMD and derive MSD level at sub-6 GHz.

TABLE 14 Cascaded Diplexer Architecture w/single ant. DC_13A_n48A-n66A,Triplexer-Diplexer DC_11A_n3A-n28A Architecture w/single ant.DC_1A_n8A-n40A DC_3A_n8A-n78A, DC_1A_n28A-n40A DC_2A_n7A-n78ADC_3A_n1A-n40A DC_13A_n7A-n78A DC_7A_n1A-n40A UE ref. DC_7A_n8A-n78ADC_66A_n5A-n48A architecture IP2 IP3 IP4 IP5 IP2 IP3 IP4 IP5 Component(dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) Ant. Switch 112 68 55 55112 68 55 55 Triplexer 110 72 55 52 Quadplexer 112 72 55 52 Diplexer 11587 55 55 115 87 55 55 Duplexer 100 75 55 53 100 75 55 53 PA Forward 28.032 30 28 28.0 32 30 28 PA Reversed 40 30.5 30 30 40 30.5 30 30 LNA 10 00 −10 10 0 0 −10

Table 14 shows an example of UE RF Front-end component parameters. Here,IP n may mean an nth order intercept point. For example, IP4 is a 4thorder intercept point. LNA may mean a low noise amplifier. PA may mean apower amplifier.

By using simulation based on UE reference architecture and the RFcomponent parameters in Table 14, the IMD problem and MSD for variousEN-DC band combinations of Table 13 are analyzed.

Table 15 shows an example of an isolation levels according to the RFcomponent of a UE to analyze IMD and derive MSD level.

TABLE 15 Isolation Parameter Value (dB) Comment Antenna to Antenna 10Main antenna to diversity antenna PA (out) to PA (in) 60 PCB isolation(PA forward mixing) Triplexer 20 High/low band isolation Diplexer 25High/low band isolation PA (out) to PA (out) 60 L-H/H-L cross-band PA(out) to PA (out) 50 H-H cross-band LNA (in) to PA (out) 60 L-H/H-Lcross-band LNA (in) to PA (out) 50 H-H cross-band Duplexer 50 Tx bandrejection at Rx band

Table 15 shows an example of UE RF Front-end component isolationparameters. By performing simulation based on the isolation parametersin Table 15, the IMD problem and MSD for various EN-DC band combinationsof Table 13 are analyzed.

As described above, based on the simulation based on Tables 15, 16, FIG.10 to FIG. 15 , the IMD problem and MSD for the various EN-DC bandcombinations of Table 13 are analyzed.

For example, for the worst case where the impact of IMD on downlinkoperating band in the various EN-DC band combinations of Table 13,simulations based on Tables 14, 15, FIG. 10 to FIG. 15 are performed.The IMD and MSD analysis are performed according to the simulationsperformed, and the MSD values determined according to the analysisresults are shown in Table 16.

TABLE 16 UL UL DL UL F_(c) BW RB DL F_(c) BW MSD DC bands UL DC IMD(MHz) (MHz) # (MHz) (MHz) (dB) DC_13A_n48A- 13 IMD3 782 5 25 751 5 N/An66A n48 |2*f_(B13) − f_(n48)| 3680 5 25 3680 5 n66 1716 5 25 2116 514.4 13 IMD5 782 5 25 751 5 N/A n66 |2*f_(B13) − 3*f_(n66)| 1716 5 252116 5 n48 3584 5 25 3584 5 2.8 DC_66A_n5A- 66 IMD5 1750 5 25 2150 5 N/An48A n5 |3*f_(B66) − 2*f_(n5)| 834 5 25 879 5 n48 3582 5 25 3582 5 3.3DC_11A_n3A- 11 IMD5 1438 5 25 1486 5 N/A n28A n3 |3*f_(B11) − 2*f_(n3)|1758 5 25 1853 5 n28 743 5 25 798 5 2.5 DC_1A_n8A- 1 IMD4 1930 5 25 21205 N/A n40A n40 |2*f_(B1) − 2*f_(n40)| 2395 5 25 2395 5 n8 885 5 25 930 59.2 DC_1A_n28A- 1 IMD4 1930 5 25 2120 5 N/A n40A n28 |2*f_(B1) −2*f_(n28)| 743 5 25 798 5 n40 2374 5 25 2374 5 10.1 1 IMD4 1930 5 252120 5 N/A n40 |2*f_(B1) − 2*f_(n40)| 2314 5 25 2314 5 n28 713 5 25 7685 8.6 DC_3A_n1A- 3 IMD5 1740 5 25 1835 5 N/A n40A n1 |2*f_(B3) −3*f_(n1)| 1940 5 25 2130 5 n40 2340 5 25 2340 5 3.7 DC_3A_n8A- 3 IMD31740 5 25 1835 5 N/A n78A n8 |f_(B3) + 2*f_(n8)| 900 5 25 945 5 n78 354010 50 3540 10 16.3 DC_7A_n1A- 7 IMD3 2540 5 25 2660 5 N/A n40A n40|f_(B7) − 2*f_(n40)| 2335 5 25 2335 5 11 1940 5 25 2130 5 15.2DC_7A_n8A- 7 IMD2 2555 5 25 2675 5 N/A n78A n8 |f_(B7) + f_(n8)| 900 525 945 5 n78 3455 10 50 3455 10 28.5 7 IMD2 2555 5 25 2675 5 N/A n78|f_(B7) − f_(n78)| 3500 10 50 3500 10 n8 900 5 25 945 5 29.7 DC_2A_n7A-2 IMD5 1900 5 25 1980 5 N/A n78A n7 |2*f_(B2) − 3*f_(n7)| 2525 5 25 26455 n78 3775 10 50 3775 10 3.9 DC_13A_n7A- 13 IMD2 782 5 25 751 5 N/A n78An7 |f_(B13) + f_(n7)| 2530 5 25 2650 5 n78 3312 10 50 3312 10 29.0 13IMD2 782 5 25 751 5 N/A n78 |f_(B13) − f_(n78)| 3432 10 50 3432 10 n72530 5 25 2650 5 27.9

In Table 16, Fc means a center frequency. For example, UL Fc may meanthe center frequency of the uplink operating band or the centerfrequency of the CC in the uplink operating band.

Table 16 shows an example of MSD test configuration and results derivedbased on IMD problems. Table 16 shows MSD values applicable to variousEN-DC band combinations. MSD values in Table 16 table may be consideredto specify the MSD requirements.

For reference, ±α tolerance may be applied to the MSD values shown inthe Table 16. α may be 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, . . . 2.7.For an example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value may be 9.2±α. α may be1.2 and the MSD value may be 8.0. For an another example, for EN-DC bandcombination of DC_2A_n7A-n78A downlink band and DC_2A_n7A uplink band,the MSD value may be 3.9±α. α may be 0.3 and the MSD value may be 4.2.

According to Table 16, for example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n28A uplink band, the MSDvalue may be 10.1. For example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSDvalue may be 8.6. For example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n8A uplink band, the MSD valuemay be 16.3. For example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40Adownlink band and DC_7A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value may be 15.2. Forexample, for EN-DC band combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band andDC_7A_n8A uplink band, the MSD value may be 28.5. For example, for EN-DCband combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n78A uplinkband, the MSD value may be 29.7.

When the UE, which is configured with the various EN-DC band combinationin Table 16, receives the downlink signal through a downlink operationband, which is written in the same row with MSD value in Table 16, theMSD values in Table 16 can be applied to the reference sensitivity forthe downlink operating band.

The MSD values in Table 16 may be applied to minimum requirements thatthe UE, which is configured with the EN-DC based on the various EN-DCband combination in Table 16. That is, the MSD may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band, which is writtenin the same row with MSD value in Table 16. In other words, thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band, which is writtenin the same row with MSD value in Table 16, may be relaxed by the MSDvalue.

For an example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value 8.0 may be applied tothe reference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n8. For ananother example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_2A_n7A-n78A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n7A uplink band, the MSD value 4.2 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n78.

For example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n28A uplink band, the MSD value 10.1 may be applied tothe reference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n40. Forexample, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink bandand DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value 8.6 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n28. For example,for EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n8Auplink band, the MSD value 16.3 may be applied to the referencesensitivity of the downlink operating band n78. For example, for EN-DCband combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40A downlink band and DC_7A_n40A uplinkband, the MSD value 15.2 may be applied to the reference sensitivity ofthe downlink operating band n1. For example, for EN-DC band combinationof DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n8A uplink band, the MSD value28.5 may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band n78. For example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value29.7 may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band n8.

The reception performance of the UE can be tested by applying the MSDvalues in Table 16 to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band of the various EN-DC band combinations. In other words,the MSD values in Table 16 may be applied to the reference sensitivityof the downlink operating band of the various EN-DC band combinationsand may be used when the reception performance of the UE is tested. Thetransceiver (or receiver) of the UE that passed the test satisfies theminimum requirements based on the reference sensitivity to which the MSDvalues in Table 16 apply.

2. A Second Example of the Disclosure of the Present Specification

Hereinafter, self-interference for PC2 (power class 2) UE configuredwith EN-DC is analyzed. PC2 (power class 2) UE configured with EN-DC maybe referred to PC2 EN-DC UE.

In addition to PC3 UEs, a study on high power UEs, which support EN-DCband combination of LTE FDD band (e.g. Band 3)+NR TDD band (e.g. n78),are in progress. The MSD standard for UE configured with EN-DC based onDC_3A_n78A in PC3 was defined as 25.6 dB.

However, MSD for PC2 UE, which support EN-DC band combination of LTE FDDband (e.g. Band 3)+NR TDD band (e.g. n78), has not been analyzedpreviously. The second example of the disclosure of the presentspecification proposes the MSD result analyzed by using thecharacteristics of RF device characteristics of PC 2 UE.

The table below shows an example of the MSD value previously defined forthe PC3 UE.

TABLE 17 NR or E-UTRA Band/Channel bandwidth/NRB/MSD EUTRA UL/DL or N RUL F_(c) BW UL DL F_(c) MSD IMD EN-DC Configuration band (MHz) (MHz)L_(CRB) (MHz) (dB) order DC_3A_n77A, 3 1740 5 25 1835 26 IMD2DC_3A_n77(2A), 28.7 DC_3A_SUL_n77A- (Note 1) n80A, n77, 3575 10 50 3575N/A N/A DC_3A_n78A, n78 DC_3A-SUL_n78A- n80A, DC_3A_n78(2A), DC_3C_n78ADC_3C_n78(2A) DC_3A_n77A, 3 1765 5 25 1860 8.0 IMD4 DC_3A_n77(2A), 10.7DC_3A_SUL_n77A- (Note 1) n80A, n77, 3435 10 50 3435 N/A N/A DC_3A_n78A,DC_3A- n78 SUL_n78A-n80A, DC_3A_n78(2A), DC_3C_n78A DC_3C_n78(2A) Note1: Applicable only if operation with 4 antenna ports is supported in theEN-DC band combination.

L_(CRB) may mean Transmission bandwidth which represents the length of acontiguous resource block allocation expressed in units of resourceblocks. Alphabets (A, B, C, D, and the like) after the number in Table17 refer to a bandwidth class described in the example of Table 11 andTable 12. Referring to Table 17, the self-interference problem of EN-DCband combinations of DC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink bandfor power class 2 UE are needed to be analyzed in the presentspecification. That is, the MSD values for EN-DC band combinations ofDC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band for power class 2 UEare not defined yet.

For example, for EN-DC band combination of the DC_3A_n78A downlink bandand the DC_3A_n78A uplink band, 2nd IMD for downlink band 3 for powerclass 2 UE is not analyzed previously. For example, for EN-DC bandcombination of the DC_3A_n78A downlink band and the DC_3A_n78A uplinkband, 4th IMD for downlink band 3 for power class 2 UE is not analyzedpreviously.

Hereinafter, the self-interference problem (e.g. IMD) of EN-DC bandcombination of the DC_3A_n78A downlink band and the DC_3A_n78A uplinkband in Table 17 will be analyzed. Based on the analysis results, whichwill be explained below, the MSD values for EN-DC band combination ofthe DC_3A_n78A downlink band and the DC_3A_n78A uplink band in Table 17will be determined.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of self interference case for EN-DC withband combination of downlink bands 3, n78 and uplink bands 3, n78.

FIG. 16 shows an example of self interference (e.g. IMD 2 and IMD 4)affecting the downlink band 3 for EN-DC with band combination ofdownlink 3, n78 and uplink bands 3, n78. For example, the IMD 2 and IMD4 affecting the downlink band 3 in the combination of DC_3A_n78Adownlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band.

Referring to FIG. 16 , a 2nd order IMD (IMD 2) and a 4th order IMD (IMD4) component of an uplink signal transmitted in the uplink band 3 and anuplink signal transmitted in the uplink band n78 may fall into afrequency range of the downlink band 3.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 2 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band 3 is greatest, is the case where a center frequencyof the uplink band 3 is 1740 MHz, a center frequency of the uplinkoperating band n78 is 3575 MHz, and a center frequency of the downlinkoperating band 3 is 1835 MHz. In this case, since 3575−1740=1835, thefrequency of the IMD2 component of the uplink bands 3 and n78 coincideswith the center frequency of the downlink band 3.

The worst case, where the impact of the IMD 4 within the frequency rangeof the downlink band 3 is greatest, is the case where a center frequencyof the uplink band 3 is 1765 MHz, a center frequency of the uplinkoperating band n78 is 3435 MHz, and a center frequency of the downlinkoperating band 3 is 1860 MHz. In this case, since 1765*3−3435=1860, thefrequency of the IMD4 component of the uplink bands 3 and n78 coincideswith the center frequency of the downlink band 3.

The parameters of the UE component proposed in the present specificationare as examples shown in Table 18 and Table 19. MSD for EN-DC bandcombination of the DC_3A_n78A downlink band and the DC_3A_n78A uplinkband of PC2 UE will be analyzed by using basic parameters shown in Table18 and Table 19.

For the MSD analysis of for EN-DC band combination of the DC_3A_n78Adownlink band and the DC_3A_n78A uplink band of PC2 UE, we assume theparameters and attenuation levels based on UE RF components as shown inTable 18 and 18.

Table 18 shows an example of RF component isolation parameters of a PC2UE to analyze IMD and derive MSD level at sub-6 GHz.

TABLE 18 Triplexer-Diplexer Architecture w/single ant. UE ref. PC2 UE tosupport DC_3A_n78A architecture IP2 IP3 IP4 IP5 Component (dBm) (dBm)(dBm) (dBm) Ant. Switch 112 68 55 55 Triplexer 110 72 55 52 QuadplexerDiplexer 115 87 55 55 Duplexer 100 75 55 53 PA Forward 28.0 32 30 28 PAReversed 40 30.5 30 30 LNA 10 0 0 −10

Table 18 shows an example of UE RF Front-end component parameters. Here,IP n may mean an nth order intercept point. For example, IP4 is a 4thorder intercept point. LNA may mean a low noise amplifier. PA may mean apower amplifier.

In here, equal power backoff for both LTE CC and NR CC may be assumed.So classifying RF architectures as the RF architecture of Case 1 andCase 2 is not meaningful to derive MSD analysis by dual uplinktransmission. It is because when the UE transmits uplink signal via twoCCs simultaneously, it is assumed that the UE uses equal power per eachCCs. For reference, Case 1 and Case 2 as shown as the following.Baseline RF architecture used for MSD analysis may be based on Case 1for dual uplink transmission.

-   -   Case1: LTE FDD PC3 (23 dBm)+NR TDD PC3 (23 dBm) and EN-DC PC2        (26 dBm)    -   Case2: LTE FDD PC3 (23 dBm)+NR TDD PC2 (26 dBm) and EN-DC PC2        (26 dBm)

Based on that the power class 2 UE can support maximum output power upto 26 dBm, when the power class 2 UE is configured with EN-DC or NR CAwith dual uplink transmission, the combination for the UE can supportthe maximum output power (26 dBm) could be combined with in Case 1 (LTEFDD (23 dBm)+NR TDD (23 dBm).

By using simulation based on UE reference architecture and the RFcomponent parameters in Table 18, the IMD problem and MSD for variousEN-DC band combinations of Table 17 are analyzed.

Table 19 shows an example of an isolation levels according to the RFcomponent of a UE to analyze IMD and derive MSD level.

TABLE 19 Isolation Parameter Value (dB) Comment Antenna to Antenna 10Main antenna to diversity antenna PA (out) to PA (in) 60 PCB isolation(PA forward mixing) Triplexer 20 High/low band isolation Diplexer 25High/low band isolation PA (out) to PA (out) 60 L-H/H-L cross-band PA(out) to PA (out) 50 H-H cross-band LNA (in) to PA (out) 60 L-H/H-Lcross-band LNA (in) to PA (out) 50 H-H cross-band Duplexer 50 Tx bandrejection at Rx band

Table 19 shows an example of UE RF Front-end component isolationparameters. By performing simulation based on the isolation parametersin Table 19, the IMD problem and MSD for various EN-DC band combinationsof Table 17 are analyzed.

As described above, based on the simulation based on Tables 18, 19, FIG.16 , the IMD problem and MSD for the EN-DC band combinations of Table 17are analyzed.

Based on above assumptions and test configuration, the MSD levels areproposed as the following Table 20. For example, for the worst casewhere the impact of IMD on downlink operating band in the various EN-DCband combinations of Table 17, simulations based Tables 18, 19, FIG. 16are performed. The IMD and MSD analysis are performed according to thesimulations performed, and the MSD values determined according to theanalysis results are shown in Table 20.

TABLE 20 UL DL UL F_(c) UL BW RB DL F_(c) BW MSD DC bands UL DC IMD(MHz) (MHZ) # (MHz) (MHz) (dB) DC_3A_n78A 3 IMD2 1740 5 25 1835 5 32.0n78 |f_(B3) − f_(n78)| 3575 10 50 3575 10 N/A 3 IMD4 1765 5 25 1860 517.5 n78 |3*f_(B3) − f_(n78)| 3435 10 50 3435 10 N/A

In Table 20, Fc means a center frequency. For example, UL Fc may meanthe center frequency of the uplink operating band or the centerfrequency of the CC in the uplink operating band. For PC2 UE configuredwith EN-DC of DC_3A_n78A, MSD levels in Table are proposed.

Table 20 shows an example of MSD test configuration and results derivedbased on IMD problems. Table 20 shows MSD values applicable to variousEN-DC band combinations. MSD values in Table 20 table may be consideredto specify the MSD requirements.

For reference, ±α tolerance may be applied to the MSD values shown inthe Table 20. α may be 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, . . . 2.7.For an example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n78A downlink bandand DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value may be 32.0±α for downlinkband 3. α may be 0.1 and the MSD value for downlink band 3 of EN-DC bandcombination of DC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band maybe 31.9 when 2^(nd) IMD is considered. For an another example, for EN-DCband combination of DC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band,the MSD value may be 17.5±α. α may be 1 and the MSD value for downlinkband 3 of EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n78A downlink band andDC_3A_n78A uplink band may be 18.5 when 4^(th) IMD is considered.

When the power class 2 UE, which is configured with the EN-DC bandcombination of DC_3A_n78A in Table 20, receives the downlink signalthrough a downlink operation band 3 the MSD values in Table 20 can beapplied to the reference sensitivity for the downlink operating band 3.

The MSD values in Table 20 may be applied to minimum requirements thatthe UE, which is configured with the EN-DC based on the EN-DC bandcombination of DC_3A_n78A in Table 20. That is, the MSD may be appliedto the reference sensitivity of the downlink operating band 3. In otherwords, the reference sensitivity of the downlink operating band 3 may berelaxed by the MSD value.

For an example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n78A downlink bandand DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value 31.9 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band 3 when 2^(nd) IMDis considered. For an another example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value 18.5may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlink operatingband 3 when 4^(th) IMD is considered.

The reception performance of the UE can be tested by applying the MSDvalues in Table 20 to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band of the various EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n78Adownlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band. In other words, the MSD valuesin Table 20 may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band of the various EN-DC band combinations and may be usedwhen the reception performance of the UE is tested. The transceiver (orreceiver) of the UE that passed the test satisfies the minimumrequirements based on the reference sensitivity to which the MSD valuesin Table 20 apply.

Hereinafter, FIG. 17 illustrates an example of an operation performed bythe UE.

The following drawings are prepared to explain a specific example of thepresent specification. Since the names of specific devices or names ofspecific signals/messages/fields described in the drawings are providedby way of example, technical features of the present specification arenot limited to specific names used in the following drawings.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing an example of a procedure of a UEaccording to the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 17 , steps S1710 to S1730 are shown. Operationsdescribed below may be performed by the UE (for example, the firstdevice 100 of FIG. 2 ).

For reference, step S1710 may not always be performed when the UEperforms communication. For example, step S1710 may be performed onlywhen the reception performance of the UE is tested.

In the UE performing the operation of FIG. 17 , the EN-DC based on thecombination of three (or two) downlink bands and the two uplink bandsmay be configured. For example, the combination of three downlink bandsand two uplink bands may be the various EN-DC band combinations in Table16 when the UE is power class 3 UE. For example, the combination of twodownlink bands and two uplink bands may be the EN-DC band combinationsin Table 20 when the UE is power class 2 UE.

In step S1710, the UE may preset the MSD value. For example, the UE maypreset the MSD values in Table 16 or Table 20.

If the UE is power class 3 UE, the following examples may be applied.

For example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlink bandand DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value 8.0 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n8. For anotherexample, for EN-DC band combination of DC_2A_n7A-n78A downlink band andDC_1_A_n7A uplink band, the MSD value 4.2 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n78.

For example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlinkband and DC_1_A_n28A uplink band, the MSD value 10.1 may be applied tothe reference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n40. Forexample, for EN-DC band combination of DC_1A_n28A-n40A downlink band andDC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the MSD value 8.6 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band n28. For example,for EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n8Auplink band, the MSD value 16.3 may be applied to the referencesensitivity of the downlink operating band n78. For example, for EN-DCband combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40A downlink band and DC_7A_n40A uplinkband, the MSD value 15.2 may be applied to the reference sensitivity ofthe downlink operating band n1. For example, for EN-DC band combinationof DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n8A uplink band, the MSD value28.5 may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band n78. For example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value29.7 may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlinkoperating band n8.

If the UE is power class 2 UE, the following examples may be applied.For an example, for EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n78A downlink bandand DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value 31.9 may be applied to thereference sensitivity of the downlink operating band 3 when 2nd IMD isconsidered. For an another example, for EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the MSD value 18.5may be applied to the reference sensitivity of the downlink operatingband 3 when 4th IMD is considered.

In step S1720, the UE may transmit the uplink signal.

If the UE is power class 3 UE, the following examples may be applied.

For example, the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the UE maytransmit the uplink signal through at least one of the uplink operatingbands 1 and/or n40.

For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n28A uplink band, the UE maytransmit the uplink signal through at least one of the uplink operatingbands 1 and/or n28. For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DCband combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n40Auplink band, the UE may transmit the uplink signal through at least oneof the uplink operating bands 1 and/or n40. For example, when the UE isconfigured with EN-DC band combination of DC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink bandand DC_3A_n8A uplink band, the UE may transmit the uplink signal throughat least one of the uplink operating bands 3 and/or n8. For example,when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40Adownlink band and DC_7A_n40A uplink band, the UE may transmit the uplinksignal through at least one of the uplink operating bands 7 and/or n40.For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n8A uplink band, the UE maytransmit the uplink signal through at least one of the uplink operatingbands 7 and/or n8. For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DCband combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n78A uplinkband, the UE may transmit the uplink signal through at least one of theuplink operating bands 7 and/or n78.

If the UE is power class 2 UE, the following examples may be applied.For an example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the UE may transmitthe uplink signal through at least one of the uplink operating bands 3and/or n78.

In step S1730, the UE may receive the downlink signal.

The UE may receive the downlink signal based on the referencesensitivity of the downlink band, to which the MSD value (for example,MSD values shown in Table 16 or Table 20) is applied.

If the UE is power class 3 UE, the following examples may be applied.

For example, the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n8A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the UE mayreceive the downlink signal through at least one of the downlinkoperating bands 1, n8, and/or n40.

For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink band and DC_1_A_n28A uplink band, the UE mayreceive the downlink signal through at least one of the downlinkoperating bands 1, n48 and/or n40. For example, when the UE isconfigured with EN-DC band combination of DC_1_A_n28A-n40A downlink bandand DC_1_A_n40A uplink band, the UE may receive the downlink signalthrough at least one of the downlink operating bands 1, n28, and/or n40.For example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n8A uplink band, the UE mayreceive the downlink signal through at least one of the downlinkoperating bands 3, n8 and/or n78. For example, when the UE is configuredwith EN-DC band combination of DC_7A_n1A-n40A downlink band andDC_7A_n40A uplink band, the UE may receive the downlink signal throughat least one of the downlink operating bands 7, n1, and/or n40. Forexample, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band and DC_7A_n8A uplink band, the UE mayreceive the downlink signal through at least one of the downlinkoperating bands 7, n8 and/or n78. For example, when the UE is configuredwith EN-DC band combination of DC_7A_n8A-n78A downlink band andDC_7A_n78A uplink band, the UE may receive the downlink signal throughat least one of the downlink operating bands 7, n8, and/or n78.

If the UE is power class 2 UE, the following examples may be applied.For an example, when the UE is configured with EN-DC band combination ofDC_3A_n78A downlink band and DC_3A_n78A uplink band, the UE may receivethe downlink signal through at least one of the downlink operating bands3 and/or n78.

For reference, the order in which steps S1720 and S1730 are performedmay be different from that shown in FIG. 17 . For example, step S1730may be performed first and then step S1720 may be performed.Alternatively, step S1720 and step S1730 may be performedsimultaneously. Alternatively, the time when step S1720 and step S1730may be may overlap partially.

Hereinafter, an apparatus (for example, UE) in a wireless communicationsystem, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, will bedescribed.

For example, the apparatus may include at least one processor, at leastone transceiver, and at least one memory.

For example, the at least one processor may be configured to be coupledoperably with the at least one memory and the at least one transceiver.

For example, the processor may be configured to transmit, via the atleast one transceiver, an uplink signal via one New Radio (NR) operatingband among NR operating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and oneEvolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) operating band amongE-UTRA operating band 1, 3, or 7; receive, via the at least onetransceiver, a downlink signal based on two NR operating bands among theNR operating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and the one E-UTRAoperating band. The two NR operating bands and the one E-UTRA operatingband are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC). The two NRoperating bands include the one NR operating band. Pre-configured MSD(Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied to a referencesensitivity for receiving the downlink signal based on a NR operatingband other than the one NR operating band among the two NR operatingbands.

For example, the processor may be configured to transmit, via the atleast one transceiver, an uplink signal via NR operating band n78 andE-UTRA operating band 3; and receive, via the at least one transceiver,a downlink signal based via the NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRAoperating band 3. The NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRA operatingband 3 are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC).Pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied toa reference sensitivity for receiving the downlink signal based on theE-UTRA operating band 3, based on that the UE supports power class 2 UEoperation.

Hereinafter, a processor for in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, will bedescribed.

For example, the processor may be configured to generate an uplinksignal via one New Radio (NR) operating band among NR operating band n1,n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and one Evolved Universal Terrestrial RadioAccess (E-UTRA) operating band among E-UTRA operating band 1, 3, or 7;obtain a downlink signal based on two NR operating bands among the NRoperating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and the one E-UTRA operatingband. The two NR operating bands and the one E-UTRA operating band areconfigured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC). The two NR operatingbands include the one NR operating band. Pre-configured MSD (MaximumSensitivity Degradation) value is applied to a reference sensitivity forobtaining the downlink signal based on a NR operating band other thanthe one NR operating band among the two NR operating bands.

For example, the processor may be configured to generate an uplinksignal via NR operating band n78 and E-UTRA operating band 3; and obtaina downlink signal based via the NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRAoperating band 3. The NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRA operatingband 3 are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC).Pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied toa reference sensitivity for obtaining the downlink signal based on theE-UTRA operating band 3, based on that the UE supports power class 2 UEoperation.

Hereinafter, a non-transitory computer-readable medium has storedthereon a plurality of instructions in a wireless communication system,according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, will bedescribed.

According to some embodiment of the present disclosure, the technicalfeatures of the present disclosure could be embodied directly inhardware, in a software executed by a processor, or in a combination ofthe two. For example, a method performed by a wireless device in awireless communication may be implemented in hardware, software,firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, a software may residein RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory,registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other storagemedium.

Some example of storage medium is coupled to the processor such that theprocessor can read information from the storage medium. In thealternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. Theprocessor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. For otherexample, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discretecomponents.

The computer-readable medium may include a tangible and non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium.

For example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include randomaccess memory (RAM) such as synchronous dynamic random access memory(SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory(NVRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM),FLASH memory, magnetic or optical data storage media, or any othermedium that can be used to store instructions or data structures.Non-transitory computer-readable media may also include combinations ofthe above.

In addition, the method described herein may be realized at least inpart by a computer-readable communication medium that carries orcommunicates code in the form of instructions or data structures andthat can be accessed, read, and/or executed by a computer.

According to some embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium has stored thereon a plurality of instructions.The stored a plurality of instructions may be executed by a processor ofa UE.

For example, the stored a plurality of instructions may cause the UE togenerate an uplink signal via one New Radio (NR) operating band among NRoperating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and one Evolved UniversalTerrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) operating band among E-UTRA operatingband 1, 3, or 7; obtain a downlink signal based on two NR operatingbands among the NR operating band n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, or n78 and theone E-UTRA operating band. The two NR operating bands and the one E-UTRAoperating band are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC).The two NR operating bands include the one NR operating band.Pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied toa reference sensitivity for obtaining the downlink signal based on a NRoperating band other than the one NR operating band among the two NRoperating bands.

For example, the stored a plurality of instructions may cause the UE togenerate an uplink signal via NR operating band n78 and E-UTRA operatingband 3; and obtain a downlink signal based via the NR operating band n78and the E-UTRA operating band 3. The NR operating band n78 and theE-UTRA operating band 3 are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity(EN-DC). Pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value isapplied to a reference sensitivity for obtaining the downlink signalbased on the E-UTRA operating band 3, based on that the UE supportspower class 2 UE operation.

In the above exemplary systems, although the methods have been describedon the basis of the flowcharts using a series of the steps or blocks,the present disclosure is not limited to the sequence of the steps, andsome of the steps may be performed at different sequences from theremaining steps or may be performed simultaneously with the remainingsteps. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that thesteps shown in the flowcharts are not exclusive and may include othersteps or one or more steps of the flowcharts may be deleted withoutaffecting the scope of the present disclosure.

Advantageous effects which can be obtained through specific embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited to the advantageous effectslisted above. For example, there may be a variety of technical effectsthat a person having ordinary skill in the related art can understandand/or derive from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the specificeffects of the present disclosure are not limited to those explicitlydescribed herein, but may include various effects that may be understoodor derived from the technical features of the present disclosure.

Claims in the present disclosure can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present disclosurecan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod. Other implementations are within the scope of the followingclaims.

1. A User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed by the at least one processor, perform operations comprising: transmitting, via the at least one transceiver, an uplink signal via one New Radio (NR) operating band among NR operating bands n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, and n78 and one Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) operating band among E-UTRA operating bands 1, 3, and 7; and receiving, via the at least one transceiver, a downlink signal based on two NR operating bands among the NR operating bands n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, and n78 and the one E-UTRA operating band, wherein the two NR operating bands and the one E-UTRA operating band are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), wherein the two NR operating bands include the one NR operating band, and wherein a pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied to a reference sensitivity for receiving the downlink signal based on a NR operating band other than the one NR operating band among the two NR operating bands.
 2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 10.1 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n28 and n40, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n28, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 1. 3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 8.6 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n28 and n40, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n40, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 1. 4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 16.3 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n8 and n78, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n8, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 3. 5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 15.2 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n1 and n40, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n40, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 7. 6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 28.5 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n8 and n78, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n8, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 7. 7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 29.7 dB, based on that the two NR operating bands are the NR operating band n8 and n78, the one NR operating band is the NR operating band n78, and the E-UTRA operating band is E-UTRA operating band
 7. 8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the E-UTRA operating band 1 includes 1920 MHz-1980 MHz of uplink operating band and 2110 MHz-2170 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the E-UTRA operating band 3 includes 1710 MHz-1785 MHz of uplink operating band and 1805 MHz-1880 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the E-UTRA operating band 7 includes 2500 MHz-2570 MHz of uplink operating band and 2620 MHz-2690 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the NR operating band n1 includes 1920 MHz-1980 MHz of uplink operating band and 2110 MHz-2170 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the NR operating band n7 includes 2500 MHz-2570 MHz of uplink operating band and 2620 MHz-2690 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the NR operating band n8 includes 880 MHz-915 MHz of uplink operating band and 925 MHz-960 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the NR operating band n28 includes 703 MHz-748 MHz of uplink operating band and 758 MHz-803 MHz of downlink operating band, wherein the NR operating band n40 includes 2300 MHz-2400 MHz of uplink operating band and 2300 MHz-2400 MHz of downlink operating band, and wherein the NR operating band n78 includes 3300 MHz-3800 MHz of uplink operating band and 3300 MHz-3800 MHz of downlink operating band.
 9. A UE in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed by the at least one processor, perform operations comprising: transmitting, via the at least one transceiver, an uplink signal via NR operating band n78 and E-UTRA operating band 3; and receiving, via the at least one transceiver, a downlink signal via the NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRA operating band 3, wherein the NR operating band n78 and the E-UTRA operating band 3 are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), and wherein a pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied to a reference sensitivity for receiving the downlink signal based on the E-UTRA operating band 3, based on that the UE supports power class 2 UE operation.
 10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 31.9 dB, based on that a downlink center frequency of the E-UTRA operating band 3 is 1835 MHz, an uplink center frequency of the E-UTRA operating band 3 is 1740 MHz and an uplink center frequency of the NR operating band n78 is 3575 MHz.
 11. The UE of claim 9, wherein the pre-configured MSD value is 18.5 dB, based on that a downlink center frequency of the E-UTRA operating band 3 is 1860 MHz, an uplink center frequency of the E-UTRA operating band 3 is 1765 MHz and an uplink center frequency of the NR operating band n78 is 3435 MHz.
 12. A wireless device operating in a wireless communication system, the wireless device comprising: at least processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to perform operations comprising: generating an uplink signal via one New Radio (NR) operating band among NR operating bands n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, and n78 and one Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) operating band among E-UTRA operating bands 1, 3, or 7; and obtaining a downlink signal based on two NR operating bands among the NR operating bands n1, n7, n8, n28, n40, and n78 and the one E-UTRA operating band, wherein the two NR operating bands and the one E-UTRA operating band are configured for E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), wherein the two NR operating bands include the one NR operating band, and wherein a pre-configured MSD (Maximum Sensitivity Degradation) value is applied to a reference sensitivity for obtaining the downlink signal based on a NR operating band other than the one NR operating band among the two NR operating bands.
 13. (canceled) 